Cabana Francis, Nekaris K A I
Nocturnal Primate Research Group, Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus, Gipsy Lane, Oxford, OX3 0BP, United Kingdom.
Paignton Zoo Environmental Park, Paignton, Devon, TQ4 7EU, United Kingdom.
Zoo Biol. 2015 Nov;34(6):547-53. doi: 10.1002/zoo.21245. Epub 2015 Sep 4.
Asian slow lorises are found in zoos and rescue centres worldwide with Nycticebus pygmaeus, the pygmy slow loris, boasting the largest population in captivity. Diet are reportedly high in fruit and concentrates and low in insects and exudates. Wild feeding studies place insects, nectar, and gums as the most important diet components. Captive populations also show high incidences of health afflictions, many of which may be caused by nutrition. Our study, aims at identifying a causative agent within the diets of N. pygmaeus in regards to diseases prominent within captive populations. We sent out 55 diet and health questionnaires to institutions worldwide. Returned diets were nutritionally analyzed. Nutrient values and proportions of each ingredient were used in a principle components analysis. Resulting factors were used as variables in a binary logistic regression (BLR), with dental disease as the dependent variable. 39 questionnaires were returned with a total of 47 diets. 20 (51.7%) institutions reported the presence of diseases with dental issues being prominent. Factors that were significant in the principle components analysis included gum, nectar, protein, acid detergent fibre, calcium, ash, phosphorus, potassium, Ca:P, magnesium, vitamin D, and energy. Gum was the only significant predictor in the BLR. Lastly, a chi square test for association was performed with the presence of dental disease as the dependent variable and the amount of fruit in the diet. The combination of high fruits and little to no gum promotes the occurrence of dental diseases. Current captive diets do not reflect the evolutionary adaptations of Nycticebus primates.
亚洲懒猴在世界各地的动物园和救援中心都有发现，其中倭蜂猴（小懒猴）在圈养环境中的数量最多。据报道，其饮食中水果和浓缩物含量高，昆虫和分泌物含量低。野外喂食研究表明，昆虫、花蜜和树胶是最重要的饮食成分。圈养种群中也有很高的健康问题发生率，其中许多可能是由营养问题引起的。我们的研究旨在确定圈养种群中常见疾病的病因是否存在于倭蜂猴的饮食中。我们向世界各地的机构发放了55份饮食和健康调查问卷。对回收的饮食进行了营养分析。每种成分的营养价值和比例用于主成分分析。将所得因素用作二元逻辑回归（BLR）中的变量，以牙齿疾病作为因变量。共回收了39份问卷，涉及47种饮食。20家（5I.7%）机构报告存在疾病，其中牙齿问题最为突出。主成分分析中显著的因素包括树胶、花蜜、蛋白质、酸性洗涤纤维、钙、灰分、磷、钾、钙磷比, 镁、维生素D和能量。树胶是二元逻辑回归中唯一显著的预测因素。最后，以牙齿疾病的存在作为因变量，饮食中水果的含量作为自变量，进行了卡方关联检验。高水果含量且几乎不含或不含树胶的组合会促进牙齿疾病的发生。目前的圈养饮食不能反映蜂猴灵长类动物的进化适应性。
