Cabana F, Dierenfeld E, Wirdateti W, Donati G, Nekaris K A I
Nocturnal Primate Research Group, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.
Wildlife Nutrition Centre, Wildlife Reserves Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2018 Feb;102(1):e1-e10. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12694. Epub 2017 Apr 26.
Slow loris (Nycticebus spp.) captive diets have been based on routine and anecdotes rather than scientific fact. The growing body of evidence contradicts the high fruit diet supported by such anecdotes. Non-human primate nutrient requirements are grouped into new (based on the common marmoset Callithrix jacchus) or old world (based on rhesus macaques Macaca mulatta) primates. Slow lorises are known to suffer from many health ailments in captivity such as dental disease, obesity, wasting and kidney issues all of which have been linked to diet. This study aimed to estimate nutrient intake from free-ranging slow lorises and to determine whether this intake can be used as nutrient recommendations. We collected data of nutrient intake, food passage rate and digestibility of captive slow lorises on three diet treatments 1: current captive type diet which is mostly fruits, 2: wild-type diet made only of food items from their natural diet, 3: new diet made to reflect wild slow loris nutrient intake. In order to validate our nutrient recommendations, diets 2 and 3 would have to be significantly different to Diet 1 in terms of nutrients, but not different from each other. Captive diets were significantly higher in soluble carbohydrates and lower in minerals and fibre fractions than both diets 2 and 3. Diets 2 and 3 led to a significantly increased food passage time and to more effective fibre and calcium digestion compared to Diet 1. We also observed obese individuals lost weight and underweight individuals gained weight. Our nutrient recommendations have been validated by our trials, and new or old world monkey nutrient recommendations are not consistent with our results. Diets should be high in protein and fibre and low in soluble carbohydrates and fats.
懒猴（蜂猴属物种）的圈养饮食一直基于常规做法和轶事，而非科学事实。越来越多的证据与这类轶事所支持的高水果饮食相矛盾。非人灵长类动物的营养需求分为新猴类（基于普通狨猴 绢毛猴）或旧世界猴类（基于恒河猴 猕猴）。众所周知，圈养的懒猴会患上许多健康疾病，如牙齿疾病、肥胖、消瘦和肾脏问题，所有这些都与饮食有关。本研究旨在估计野生懒猴的营养摄入量，并确定这种摄入量是否可作为营养建议。我们收集了圈养懒猴在三种饮食处理下的营养摄入量、食物通过速率和消化率数据：1：当前的圈养类型饮食，主要是水果；2：仅由其天然饮食中的食物组成的野生型饮食；3：为反映野生懒猴营养摄入量而制定的新饮食。为了验证我们的营养建议，饮食2和3在营养方面必须与饮食1有显著差异，但彼此之间没有差异。圈养饮食中的可溶性碳水化合物含量明显高于饮食2和3，而矿物质和纤维部分含量则低于饮食2和3。与饮食1相比，饮食2和3导致食物通过时间显著增加，纤维和钙的消化更有效。我们还观察到肥胖个体体重减轻，体重不足个体体重增加。我们的营养建议已通过试验得到验证，新猴类或旧世界猴类的营养建议与我们的结果不一致。饮食应富含蛋白质和纤维，低糖和脂肪。
