Escudero D, Martín L, Viña L, Quindós B, Espina M J, Forcelledo L, López-Amor L, García-Arias B, del Busto C, de Cima S, Fernández-Rey E
Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, España.
Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, España.
Rev Calid Asist. 2015 Sep-Oct;30(5):243-50. doi: 10.1016/j.cali.2015.06.002. Epub 2015 Sep 4.
To determine the design and comfort in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs), by analysing visiting hours, information, and family participation in patient care.
Descriptive, multicentre study.
Spanish ICUs.
A questionnaire e-mailed to members of the Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical and Coronary Units (SEMICYUC), subscribers of the Electronic Journal Intensive Care Medicine, and disseminated through the blog Proyecto HU-CI.
A total of 135 questionnaires from 131 hospitals were analysed. Visiting hours: 3.8% open 24h, 9.8% open daytime, and 67.7% have 2 visits a day. Information: given only by the doctor in 75.2% of the cases, doctor and nurse together in 4.5%, with a frequency of once a day in 79.7%. During weekends, information is given in 95.5% of the cases. Information given over the phone 74.4%. Family participation in patient care: hygiene 11%, feeding 80.5%, physiotherapy 17%. Personal objects allowed: mobile phone 41%, computer 55%, sound system 77%, and television 30%. Architecture and comfort: all individual cubicles 60.2%, natural light 54.9%, television 7.5%, ambient music 12%, clock in the cubicle 15.8%, environmental noise meter 3.8%, and a waiting room near the ICU 68.4%.
Visiting policy is restrictive, with a closed ICU being the predominating culture. On average, technological communication devices are not allowed. Family participation in patient care is low. The ICU design does not guarantee privacy or provide a desirable level of comfort.
通过分析探视时间、信息提供情况以及家属参与患者护理的情况，来确定重症监护病房（ICU）的设计与舒适度。
描述性多中心研究。
西班牙的ICU。
通过电子邮件向西班牙重症医学、危重症与冠心病监护病房学会（SEMICYUC）成员、《重症医学电子杂志》订阅者发放问卷，并通过博客“Proyecto HU-CI”进行传播。
共分析了来自131家医院的135份问卷。探视时间：3.8%的ICU全天开放，9.8%白天开放，67.7%每天有两次探视机会。信息提供：75.2%的情况仅由医生提供信息，4.5%由医生和护士共同提供，79.7%每天提供一次。在周末，95.5%的情况会提供信息。74.4%通过电话提供信息。家属参与患者护理情况：卫生护理方面占11%，喂食方面占80.5%，物理治疗方面占17%。允许使用的个人物品：手机占41%，电脑占55%，音响系统占77%，电视占30%。建筑与舒适度：60.2%为单人隔间，54.9%有自然光，7.5%有电视，12%有背景音乐，15.8%的隔间有时钟，3.8%有环境噪音测量仪，68.4%在ICU附近有候诊室。
探视政策具有限制性，封闭式ICU是主流模式。平均而言，不允许使用技术通讯设备。家属参与患者护理的程度较低。ICU的设计无法保证隐私，也未提供理想的舒适度。
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