Hospital Landeskrankenhaus Feldkirch, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Carinagasse 35, 6800 Feldkirch, Austria.
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2022 Feb;68:103139. doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2021.103139. Epub 2021 Sep 7.
To provide insights into visiting policies and family-centred care practices with a focus on children as visitors in Intensive Care Units in German-speaking countries.
METHODS/DESIGN: Online-survey with a mixed methods approach. Leading clinicians (n = 1943) from German-speaking countries were invited to participate. Outcomes included the percentage of intensive care units with open visiting policies, age restrictions, family-centred care activities and barriers.
Paediatric, mixed and adult units RESULTS: In total, 19.8% (n = 385) of the clinicians responded. Open visiting times were reported by 36.3% (n = 117), with significant differences between paediatric (79.2%), adult (21.3%) and mixed-age (41.2%) units (p < 0.01). Two-thirds of clinicians stated that their units had no age restrictions for children as visitors (n = 221, 68.4%). The family-centred care activities most frequently implemented were open visiting times and dissemination of information. Significantly more German units have open visiting policies and more Swiss units allow children as visitors, compared to the other countries (both p < 0.001). Barriers to family-centred care were concerns about children being traumatized, infection and workload.
The majority reported that family-centred care policies had been implemented in their units, including open visiting policies, allowing children as visitors without age restriction and other family-centred care activities.
深入了解德语国家中重症监护病房的探视政策和以家庭为中心的护理实践，重点关注儿童探视者。
方法/设计：采用混合方法的在线调查。邀请德语国家的主要临床医生（n=1943）参与。结果包括开放探视政策、年龄限制、以家庭为中心的护理活动和障碍的重症监护病房比例。
儿科、混合和成人病房
共有 19.8%（n=385）的临床医生做出回应。36.3%（n=117）的单位报告了开放探视时间，儿科（79.2%）、成人（21.3%）和混合年龄（41.2%）单位之间存在显著差异（p<0.01）。三分之二的临床医生表示，他们的单位对儿童探视者没有年龄限制（n=221，68.4%）。实施最多的以家庭为中心的护理活动是开放探视时间和信息传播。与其他国家相比，德国的重症监护病房有更多的开放探视政策，瑞士的重症监护病房允许更多的儿童探视者（均 p<0.001）。以家庭为中心的护理障碍是担心儿童受到创伤、感染和工作量增加。
大多数报告称，他们的单位已经实施了以家庭为中心的护理政策，包括开放探视政策、允许无年龄限制的儿童探视者和其他以家庭为中心的护理活动。
