Cook Judith A, Burke-Miller Jane K
J Rehabil Res Dev. 2015;52(4):371-84. doi: 10.1682/JRRD.2014.10.0260.
We explored the relative effects of adverse working conditions, job satisfaction, wages, worker characteristics, and local labor markets in explaining voluntary job separations (quits) among employed workers with psychiatric disabilities. Data come from the Employment Intervention Demonstration Program in which 2,086 jobs were ended by 892 workers during a 24 mo observation period. Stepped multivariable logistic regression analysis examined the effect of variables on the likelihood of quitting. Over half (59%) of all job separations were voluntary while 41% were involuntary, including firings (17%), temporary job endings (14%), and layoffs (10%). In multivariable analysis, workers were more likely to quit positions at which they were employed for 20 h/wk or less, those with which they were dissatisfied, low-wage jobs, non-temporary positions, and jobs in the structural (construction) occupations. Voluntary separation was less likely for older workers, members of racial and ethnic minority groups, and those residing in regions with lower unemployment rates. Patterns of job separations for workers with psychiatric disabilities mirrored some findings regarding job leaving in the general labor force but contradicted others. Job separation antecedents reflect the concentration of jobs for workers with psychiatric disabilities in the secondary labor market, characterized by low-salaried, temporary, and part-time employment.
我们探讨了不良工作条件、工作满意度、工资、工人特征和当地劳动力市场对患有精神疾病的在职员工自愿离职（辞职）的相对影响。数据来自就业干预示范项目，在24个月的观察期内，892名工人结束了2086份工作。逐步多变量逻辑回归分析检验了各变量对辞职可能性的影响。所有离职中超过一半（59%）是自愿的，而41%是非自愿的，包括解雇（17%）、临时工作结束（14%）和裁员（10%）。在多变量分析中，工人更有可能辞去每周工作20小时或更少的职位、他们不满意的职位、低薪工作、非临时职位以及结构性（建筑）职业的工作。年龄较大的工人、少数种族和族裔群体成员以及居住在失业率较低地区的工人自愿离职的可能性较小。患有精神疾病的工人的离职模式反映了一些关于普通劳动力市场离职情况的研究结果，但也与其他研究结果相矛盾。离职前因反映了患有精神疾病的工人的工作集中在二级劳动力市场，其特点是低薪、临时和兼职工作。
