Parra Leonardo, Mutis Ana, Chacón Manuel, Lizama Marcelo, Rojas Claudio, Catrileo Adrián, Rubilar Olga, Tortella Gonzalo, Birkett Michael A, Quiroz Andrés
Laboratorio de Química Ecológica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Pest Manag Sci. 2016 Jul;72(7):1328-34. doi: 10.1002/ps.4153. Epub 2015 Oct 13.
The potential for using endophytic microorganisms in pest control has increased during the last 40 years. In this study, we investigated the impact of endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum) infection of cattle pasture upon the survival of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans, a major agricultural pest affecting livestock in many parts of the world.
In laboratory assays, where cattle dung collected from endophyte-infected (E+) tall fescue cultivar K-31 was used as the oviposition substrate, larval development was significantly reduced compared with development on cattle dung from steers that grazed uninfected (E-) tall fescue. Furthermore, studies with cattle dung supplemented with the alkaloid fraction extracted from the endophytic fungi revealed significant larval mortality, and HPLC analysis identified two alkaloids, peramine and lolitrem B. The development of larvae was shown to be significantly reduced in field-collected cattle dung. These results suggest that part of the toxicity of alkaloids contained in endophytes is transferred to faecal matter, causing an increase in mortality of H. irritans.
These data suggest that endophyte infection of cattle pasture, i.e. modified pasture management, can significantly affect horn fly development. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
在过去40年里，利用内生微生物进行害虫防治的潜力有所增加。在本研究中，我们调查了牛牧场内生菌（内生真菌）感染对角蝇（Haematobia irritans）存活的影响，角蝇是一种影响世界许多地区牲畜的主要农业害虫。
在实验室试验中，将从感染内生菌（E+）的高羊茅品种K-31收集的牛粪用作产卵基质，与在未感染（E-）高羊茅上放牧的公牛粪便上的发育相比，幼虫发育显著减少。此外，对添加了从内生真菌中提取的生物碱部分的牛粪进行的研究显示幼虫有显著死亡率，高效液相色谱分析鉴定出两种生物碱，即哌胺和洛利特rem B。在野外收集的牛粪中，幼虫的发育也显著减少。这些结果表明，内生菌中所含生物碱的部分毒性转移到粪便中，导致角蝇死亡率增加。
这些数据表明，牛牧场的内生菌感染，即改良牧场管理，可显著影响角蝇发育。©2015化学工业协会。
