Gupta Garima, Liu Antonio
Department of Internal Medicine, White Memorial Medical Center, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 1720 E. Cesar Chavez Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Department of Neurology, White Memorial Medical Center, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 1720 E. Cesar Chavez Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Case Rep Neurol Med. 2015;2015:472843. doi: 10.1155/2015/472843. Epub 2015 Aug 24.
Miller Fisher syndrome is a variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome characterized by the classic triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. Pupillary involvement is common in MFS and has been reported in 35-42% of MFS patients. Although case reports have discussed isolated ophthalmoplegia as a presentation of MFS, anisocoria and rapid fluctuation of pupillary diameter have not been reported in anti-GQ1b antibody positive individuals. Here we describe an individual who presented with diplopia and was found to have progressive internal and external ophthalmoplegia with frequent fluctuations in pupillary diameter and anisocoria. These exam findings are not commonly described even in atypical presentations of MFS. The onset of symptoms was preceded by an upper respiratory infection but no gastrointestinal symptoms. Imaging and CSF studies were unremarkable; however serum levels of immunoglobulin G anti-GQ1b antibody and anti-GAD antibody were elevated confirming the diagnosis of MFS. The patient was treated with IVIG and intravenous steroids with mild resolution of external ophthalmoplegia. He did not go on to develop more typical features of MFS such as ataxia or areflexia. This demonstrates that isolated external and internal ophthalmoparesis with rapidly fluctuating pupillary diameter and associated anisocoria can be the sole manifestation of atypical MFS.
米勒-费雪综合征是吉兰-巴雷综合征的一种变异型,其特征为眼肌麻痹、共济失调和无反射的经典三联征。瞳孔受累在米勒-费雪综合征中很常见,据报道在35%至42%的米勒-费雪综合征患者中存在。尽管病例报告讨论了孤立性眼肌麻痹作为米勒-费雪综合征的一种表现,但抗GQ1b抗体阳性个体中尚未有瞳孔不等大和瞳孔直径快速波动的报道。在此,我们描述了一名出现复视的患者,发现其患有进行性内、外眼肌麻痹,伴有瞳孔直径频繁波动和瞳孔不等大。即使在米勒-费雪综合征的非典型表现中,这些检查结果也不常见。症状发作前有上呼吸道感染,但无胃肠道症状。影像学和脑脊液检查无异常;然而,血清抗GQ1b抗体和抗GAD抗体水平升高,确诊为米勒-费雪综合征。患者接受了静脉注射免疫球蛋白和静脉注射类固醇治疗,外眼肌麻痹有轻度缓解。他并未进一步出现米勒-费雪综合征的更典型特征,如共济失调或无反射。这表明,伴有瞳孔直径快速波动和相关瞳孔不等大的孤立性内、外眼肌麻痹可以是非典型米勒-费雪综合征的唯一表现。