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吡虫啉、螺虫乙酯和螺虫乙酯烯醇在葡萄(欧亚种葡萄)及其土壤中的残留评估。

Residue evaluation of imidacloprid, spirotetramat, and spirotetramat-enol in/on grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) and soil.

作者信息

Mohapatra Soudamini, Kumar Sampath, Prakash G S

机构信息

Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake P.O, Bangalore, 560089, India.

Division of Fruit Crops, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake P.O, Bangalore, 560089, India.

出版信息

Environ Monit Assess. 2015 Oct;187(10):632. doi: 10.1007/s10661-015-4859-x. Epub 2015 Sep 17.

Abstract

A combination of imidacloprid and spirotetramat effectively controls sucking pests on grapevines. Residues of these insecticides on grapes were evaluated after treatment with spirotetramat 12% + imidacloprid 12% (240 SC) three times at 90 and 180 g a.i. ha(-1). The samples were extracted and purified by QuEChERS method and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (imidacloprid) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (spirotetramat and its metabolite spirotetramat-enol). Satisfactory results were obtained with ranges of 80.6-98.6% for the recovery, 3.1-10% for the relative standard deviation range, and 9.8-15.6% for the uncertainty. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.015 μg mL(-1) and 0.05 mg kg(-1), respectively. Initial residue concentrations of imidacloprid after the 90 and 180 g a.i. ha(-1) treatments were 0.912 (half-life 11 days) and 1.681 mg kg(-1) (half-life 12.4 days), respectively. For spirotetramat + spirotetramat-enol, the residue concentrations were 1.337 (half-life 5.6 days) and 2.0 mg kg(-1) (half-life 7.6 days) for the 90 and 180 g a.i. ha(-1) treatments, respectively. Spirotetramat degraded faster than spirotetramat-enol. After treatment at 90 g a.i. ha(-1), the initial residues of both insecticides were within European Union maximum residue limits and a 1-day pre-harvest interval (PHI) was adequate for safe consumption of grapes. After treatment at 180 g a.i. ha(-1), the required PHI was 7 day. Therefore, a PHI of 7 day should be used after treatment with imidacloprid and spirotetramat.

摘要

吡虫啉和螺虫乙酯复配制剂能有效防治葡萄上的刺吸式害虫。在用12%螺虫乙酯+12%吡虫啉(240 SC)以90和180克有效成分/公顷的剂量进行三次处理后,对葡萄上这些杀虫剂的残留量进行了评估。样品采用QuEChERS方法提取和净化,并用配备光电二极管阵列检测器的高效液相色谱法(用于吡虫啉)和气相色谱-质谱联用仪(用于螺虫乙酯及其代谢物螺虫乙酯烯醇)进行分析。回收率范围为80.6 - 98.6%,相对标准偏差范围为3.1 - 10%,不确定度为9.8 - 15.6%,获得了满意的结果。检测限和定量限分别为0.015微克/毫升和0.05毫克/千克。在90和180克有效成分/公顷处理后,吡虫啉的初始残留浓度分别为0.912(半衰期11天)和1.681毫克/千克(半衰期12.4天)。对于螺虫乙酯+螺虫乙酯烯醇,在90和180克有效成分/公顷处理下,残留浓度分别为1.337(半衰期5.6天)和2.0毫克/千克(半衰期7.6天)。螺虫乙酯比螺虫乙酯烯醇降解得更快。在90克有效成分/公顷处理后,两种杀虫剂的初始残留量均在欧盟最大残留限量范围内,收获前间隔1天足以安全食用葡萄。在180克有效成分/公顷处理后,所需的收获前间隔为7天。因此,在用吡虫啉和螺虫乙酯处理后应采用7天的收获前间隔。

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