Mangaraj S, Goswami T K, Giri S K, Joshy C G
Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, 462 038 India.
Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721 302 India.
J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Nov;51(11):2925-46. doi: 10.1007/s13197-012-0860-3. Epub 2012 Sep 26.
Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is a dynamic system during which respiration and permeation occur simultaneously. Hence factors affecting both respiration and permeation were considered for designing a package. In the design of MA packages for guava (cv. Baruipur) a total of 13 variables were considered. The independent variables includes: weight of fruits, surface area of packaging film, free volume of the package, thickness of the film and permeabilities of film to O2 and CO2 gas. The fixed variables considered were: the surrounding gas composition and temperature, the respiration rates for O2 consumption and CO2 evolution, and the equilibrium gas compositions to be attained in the package so that the fruit's shelf-life is extended. Two types of MA packages, having package size of 19 cm × 19 cm for a fill weight of 1,000 ± 100 g were developed. Packages were designed to accommodate a fill weight range of 0.90-1.10 kg. Various package parameters were optimized to facilitate establishment of dynamic equilibrium at target levels of O2 and CO2 concentration in the package. The storage study of MA packages was performed at 10, 15, 20 and 25 °C temperatures. The performance of film packages was evaluated for their ability to establish equilibrium at target levels and to extend the shelf life of the packaged fruit. The MA packaging system increased the shelf life of guava by 128-200 % compared to the unpacked fruits at various storage temperatures with a quality comparable with the freshly harvested commodity.
气调包装（MAP）是一个呼吸作用和渗透作用同时发生的动态系统。因此，在设计包装时，需要考虑影响呼吸作用和渗透作用的因素。在设计番石榴（品种：Baruipur）的气调包装时，共考虑了13个变量。自变量包括：果实重量、包装薄膜的表面积、包装的自由体积、薄膜厚度以及薄膜对氧气和二氧化碳气体的渗透率。所考虑的固定变量有：周围气体成分和温度、氧气消耗和二氧化碳释放的呼吸速率，以及包装内要达到的平衡气体成分，以便延长果实的货架期。开发了两种气调包装，包装尺寸为19 cm×19 cm，装填重量为1000±100 g。包装设计用于容纳0.90 - 1.10 kg的装填重量范围。优化了各种包装参数，以促进在包装内氧气和二氧化碳浓度的目标水平上建立动态平衡。在10、15、20和25℃的温度下对气调包装进行了贮藏研究。评估了薄膜包装在目标水平上建立平衡以及延长包装果实货架期的能力。与未包装的果实在不同贮藏温度下相比，气调包装系统使番石榴的货架期延长了128 - 200%，且品质与刚采收的商品相当。
