Kouba Yacine, Martínez-García Felipe, de Frutos Ángel, Alados Concepción L
Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain.
Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Escuela de Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
PLoS One. 2015 Sep 23;10(9):e0139031. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139031. eCollection 2015.
At some point in their history, most forests in the Mediterranean Basin have been subjected to intensive management or converted to agriculture land. Knowing how forest plant communities recovered after the abandonment of forest-management or agricultural practices (including livestock grazing) provides a basis for investigating how previous land management have affected plant species diversity and composition in forest ecosystems. Our study investigated the consequences of historical "land management" practices on present-day Mediterranean forests by comparing species assemblages and the diversity of (i) all plant species and (ii) each ecological group defined by species' habitat preferences and successional status (i.e., early-, mid-, and late-successional species). We compared forest stands that differed both in land-use history and in successional stage. In addition, we evaluated the value of those stands for biodiversity conservation. The study revealed significant compositional differentiation among stands that was due to among-stand variations in the diversity (namely, species richness and evenness) of early-, intermediate-, and late-successional species. Historical land management has led to an increase in compositional divergences among forest stands and the loss of late-successional forest species.
在地中海盆地的历史进程中，大部分森林都曾经历过集约化管理或被转变为农业用地。了解森林植物群落是如何在森林管理或农业活动（包括放牧）停止后恢复的，为研究过去的土地管理如何影响森林生态系统中的植物物种多样性和组成提供了依据。我们的研究通过比较物种组合以及（i）所有植物物种和（ii）根据物种的栖息地偏好和演替状态定义的每个生态组（即早期、中期和晚期演替物种）的多样性，调查了历史“土地管理”实践对当今地中海森林的影响。我们比较了在土地利用历史和演替阶段都不同的林分。此外，我们评估了这些林分在生物多样性保护方面的价值。研究揭示了林分之间存在显著的组成差异，这是由于早期、中期和晚期演替物种多样性（即物种丰富度和均匀度）在林分间的变化所致。历史土地管理导致了林分之间组成差异的增加以及晚期演替森林物种的丧失。
