Auguste Albert J, Liria Jonathan, Forrester Naomi L, Giambalvo Dileyvic, Moncada Maria, Long Kanya C, Morón Dulce, de Manzione Nuris, Tesh Robert B, Halsey Eric S, Kochel Tadeusz J, Hernandez Rosa, Navarro Juan-Carlos, Weaver Scott C
Emerg Infect Dis. 2015 Oct;21(10):1742-50. doi: 10.3201/eid2110.141660.
In 2010, an outbreak of febrile illness with arthralgic manifestations was detected at La Estación village, Portuguesa State, Venezuela. The etiologic agent was determined to be Mayaro virus (MAYV), a reemerging South American alphavirus. A total of 77 cases was reported and 19 were confirmed as seropositive. MAYV was isolated from acute-phase serum samples from 6 symptomatic patients. We sequenced 27 complete genomes representing the full spectrum of MAYV genetic diversity, which facilitated detection of a new genotype, designated N. Phylogenetic analysis of genomic sequences indicated that etiologic strains from Venezuela belong to genotype D. Results indicate that MAYV is highly conserved genetically, showing ≈17% nucleotide divergence across all 3 genotypes and 4% among genotype D strains in the most variable genes. Coalescent analyses suggested genotypes D and L diverged ≈150 years ago and genotype diverged N ≈250 years ago. This virus commonly infects persons residing near enzootic transmission foci because of anthropogenic incursions.
2010年，在委内瑞拉葡萄牙州的拉埃斯塔西翁村发现了一起伴有关节痛表现的发热性疾病疫情。病原体被确定为马亚罗病毒（MAYV），一种重新出现的南美洲甲病毒。共报告了77例病例，其中19例被确认为血清学阳性。从6例有症状患者的急性期血清样本中分离出了MAYV。我们对代表MAYV遗传多样性全谱的27个完整基因组进行了测序，这有助于检测到一种新的基因型，命名为N型。基因组序列的系统发育分析表明，来自委内瑞拉的病原体菌株属于D基因型。结果表明，MAYV在基因上高度保守，在所有3个基因型中核苷酸差异约为17%，在最易变基因中D基因型菌株之间的差异为4%。溯祖分析表明，D基因型和L基因型大约在150年前分化，N基因型大约在250年前分化。由于人为入侵，这种病毒通常感染居住在动物源性传播疫源地附近的人。
