Ono Yumie, Noah Jack Adam, Zhang Xian, Nomoto Yasunori, Suzuki Tatsuya, Shimada Sotaro, Tachibana Atsumichi, Bronner Shaw, Hirsch Joy
Department of Electronics and Bioinformatics, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashi-Mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan.
J Neural Eng. 2015 Dec;12(6):066004. doi: 10.1088/1741-2560/12/6/066004. Epub 2015 Sep 24.
Prefrontal hemodynamic responses are observed during performance of motor tasks. Using a dance video game (DVG), a complex motor task that requires temporally accurate footsteps with given visual and auditory cues, we investigated whether 20 h of DVG training modified hemodynamic responses of the prefrontal cortex in six healthy young adults.
Fronto-temporal activity during actual DVG play was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) pre- and post-training. To evaluate the training-induced changes in the time-courses of fNIRS signals, we employed a regression analysis using the task-specific template fNIRS signals that were generated from alternate well-trained and/or novice DVG players. The HRF was also separately incorporated as a template to construct an alternate regression model. Change in coefficients for template functions at pre- and post- training were determined and compared among different models.
Training significantly increased the motor performance using the number of temporally accurate steps in the DVG as criteria. The mean oxygenated hemoglobin (ΔoxyHb) waveform changed from an activation above baseline pattern to that of a below baseline pattern. Participants showed significantly decreased coefficients for regressors of the ΔoxyHb response of novice players and HRF. The model using ΔoxyHb responses from both well-trained and novice players of DVG as templates showed the best fit for the ΔoxyHb responses of the participants at both pre- and post-training when analyzed with Akaike information criteria.
These results suggest that the coefficients for the template ΔoxyHb responses of the novice players are sensitive indicators of motor learning during the initial stage of training and thus clinically useful to determine the improvement in motor performance when patients are engaged in a specific rehabilitation program.
在执行运动任务时可观察到前额叶的血流动力学反应。我们使用一款舞蹈视频游戏（DVG），这是一项复杂的运动任务，需要根据给定的视觉和听觉提示在时间上精确踏出脚步，研究了20小时的DVG训练是否改变了6名健康年轻成年人前额叶皮质的血流动力学反应。
在训练前和训练后，使用功能近红外光谱（fNIRS）测量实际玩DVG时的额颞叶活动。为了评估训练引起的fNIRS信号时间进程的变化，我们使用从训练有素的和/或新手DVG玩家交替产生的特定任务模板fNIRS信号进行回归分析。HRF也被单独用作模板来构建另一个回归模型。确定并比较不同模型在训练前和训练后模板函数系数的变化。
以DVG中时间精确步数为标准，训练显著提高了运动表现。平均氧合血红蛋白（ΔoxyHb）波形从基线以上的激活模式变为基线以下的模式。参与者显示新手玩家和HRF的ΔoxyHb反应回归系数显著降低。当用赤池信息准则分析时，使用训练有素的和新手DVG玩家的ΔoxyHb反应作为模板的模型对参与者训练前和训练后的ΔoxyHb反应拟合最佳。
这些结果表明，新手玩家的模板ΔoxyHb反应系数是训练初始阶段运动学习的敏感指标，因此在临床上对于确定患者参与特定康复计划时运动表现的改善很有用。
