MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Sep 25;64(37):1047-51. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6437a4.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, and physical inactivity is a major risk factor (1). Health care professionals have a role in counseling patients about physical activity for CVD prevention. In August 2014, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended that adults who are overweight or obese and have additional CVD risk factors be offered or referred to intensive behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for CVD prevention. Although the USPSTF recommendation does not specify an amount of physical activity, the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans state that for substantial health benefits adults should achieve ≥150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity or ≥75 minutes per week of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity, or an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity. To assess the proportion of adults eligible for intensive behavioral counseling and not meeting the aerobic physical activity guideline, CDC analyzed data from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). This analysis indicated that 36.8% of adults were eligible for intensive behavioral counseling for CVD prevention. Among U.S. states and the District of Columbia (DC), the prevalence of eligible adults ranged from 29.0% to 44.6%. Nationwide, 19.9% of all adults were eligible and did not meet the aerobic physical activity guideline. These data can inform the planning and implementation of health care interventions for CVD prevention that are based on physical activity.
心血管疾病(CVD)是美国的主要死因,身体活动不足是一个主要的危险因素(1)。医疗保健专业人员在为 CVD 预防向患者提供有关身体活动的建议方面发挥作用。2014 年 8 月,美国预防服务工作组(USPSTF)建议超重或肥胖且有其他 CVD 危险因素的成年人提供或转介到强化行为咨询干预,以促进健康饮食和身体活动预防 CVD。尽管 USPSTF 的建议没有具体说明身体活动的量,但 2008 年《美国人体育活动指南》指出,为了获得实质性的健康益处,成年人应每周进行至少 150 分钟的中等强度有氧运动或每周进行至少 75 分钟的剧烈强度有氧运动,或同等量的中等和剧烈强度有氧运动的组合。为了评估有资格接受强化行为咨询但不符合有氧运动指南的成年人的比例,CDC 分析了 2013 年行为风险因素监测系统(BRFSS)的数据。这项分析表明,有 36.8%的成年人有资格接受 CVD 预防的强化行为咨询。在美国各州和哥伦比亚特区(DC),符合条件的成年人的比例从 29.0%到 44.6%不等。全国范围内,有 19.9%的成年人有资格但不符合有氧运动指南。这些数据可以为基于身体活动的 CVD 预防的医疗保健干预措施的规划和实施提供信息。