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提高(18)F放射性示踪剂代谢稳定性的方法。

Methods to Increase the Metabolic Stability of (18)F-Radiotracers.

作者信息

Kuchar Manuela, Mamat Constantin

机构信息

Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institut für Radiopharmazeutische Krebsforschung, Bautzner Landstraße 400, Dresden D-01328, Germany.

出版信息

Molecules. 2015 Sep 3;20(9):16186-220. doi: 10.3390/molecules200916186.

Abstract

The majority of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds incorporating radiotracers that are considered foreign to the body undergo metabolic changes in vivo. Metabolic degradation of these drugs is commonly caused by a system of enzymes of low substrate specificity requirement, which is present mainly in the liver, but drug metabolism may also take place in the kidneys or other organs. Thus, radiotracers and all other pharmaceuticals are faced with enormous challenges to maintain their stability in vivo highlighting the importance of their structure. Often in practice, such biologically active molecules exhibit these properties in vitro, but fail during in vivo studies due to obtaining an increased metabolism within minutes. Many pharmacologically and biologically interesting compounds never see application due to their lack of stability. One of the most important issues of radiotracers development based on fluorine-18 is the stability in vitro and in vivo. Sometimes, the metabolism of (18)F-radiotracers goes along with the cleavage of the C-F bond and with the rejection of [(18)F]fluoride mostly combined with high background and accumulation in the skeleton. This review deals with the impact of radiodefluorination and with approaches to stabilize the C-F bond to avoid the cleavage between fluorine and carbon.

摘要

大多数含有放射性示踪剂的药物和其他有机化合物在体内会发生代谢变化,这些放射性示踪剂被认为是人体的外来物质。这些药物的代谢降解通常是由一种底物特异性要求较低的酶系统引起的,该系统主要存在于肝脏中,但药物代谢也可能发生在肾脏或其他器官中。因此,放射性示踪剂和所有其他药物在体内维持其稳定性面临着巨大挑战,这凸显了其结构的重要性。在实际应用中,这类生物活性分子通常在体外表现出这些特性,但在体内研究中却失败了,因为在几分钟内就出现了代谢增加的情况。许多具有药理和生物学意义的化合物由于缺乏稳定性而从未得到应用。基于氟-18的放射性示踪剂开发中最重要的问题之一是其在体外和体内的稳定性。有时,(18)F-放射性示踪剂的代谢伴随着C-F键的断裂以及[(18)F]氟化物的排出,这通常伴随着高本底和在骨骼中的蓄积。本综述探讨了放射性脱氟的影响以及稳定C-F键以避免氟与碳之间断裂的方法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ba3f/6332123/e74350af0dcf/molecules-20-16186-g001.jpg

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