青少年哮喘患者与哮喘相关的免疫反应：与母亲反应性及日常生活中正负性情绪表达的关联
Asthma-Related Immune Responses in Youth With Asthma: Associations With Maternal Responsiveness and Expressions of Positive and Negative Affect in Daily Life.
作者信息
Tobin Erin T, Kane Heidi S, Saleh Daniel J, Wildman Derek E, Breen Elizabeth Crabb, Secord Elizabeth, Slatcher Richard B
机构信息
From the Department of Psychology (Tobin), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences (Kane), University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas; Department of Psychology (Saleh), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (Wildman), University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois; Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine (Breen), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Allergy/Immunology Department (Secord), Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan; and Department of Psychology (Slatcher), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
出版信息
Psychosom Med. 2015 Oct;77(8):892-902. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000236.
OBJECTIVES
Stressful family environments early in life have negative effects on physical health. However, less is known about the health effects of positive aspects of families. We examined the associations between maternal responsiveness and immune markers among youth with asthma and identified youth expressions of positive affect as a potential mechanism of these associations.
METHODS
Forty-three youths with asthma (26 boys; aged 10-17 years) wore the Electronically Activated Recorder for 4 days to assess maternal responsiveness and youth expressions of affect from audio-recordings of daily life. Trained coders rated Electronically Activated Recorder sound files for expressions of maternal responsiveness and affect displayed by the youth. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, cultured, and assayed to determine stimulated levels of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13, and interferon-γ.
RESULTS
Greater maternal responsiveness was associated with decreased stimulated production of IL-5 (r = -0.38, p = .012) and IL-13 (r = -0.33, p = .031). Greater total positive affect in youth was linked to decreased stimulated production of IL-5 (r = -0.46, p = .002) and IL-13 (r = -0.37, p = .014). Total negative affect among youth was unrelated to immune responses. There was a significant indirect effect of maternal responsiveness via positive affect in youth on lower levels of IL-5 (95% confidence interval = -3.41 to -0.03) and IL-13 (95% confidence interval = -2.34 to -0.01) when adjusting for caregiver-youth conflict and negative affect among youth.
CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate the importance of positive family interactions for youth and provide preliminary evidence for a mechanism through which parenting can influence immune responses in youth with asthma.
目的
生命早期紧张的家庭环境会对身体健康产生负面影响。然而，关于家庭积极方面对健康的影响知之甚少。我们研究了哮喘青少年中母亲反应性与免疫标志物之间的关联，并确定青少年积极情绪表达是这些关联的潜在机制。
方法
43名哮喘青少年（26名男孩；年龄10 - 17岁）佩戴电子激活记录仪4天，通过日常生活录音评估母亲反应性和青少年的情绪表达。训练有素的编码员对电子激活记录仪的声音文件进行评分，以评估母亲反应性和青少年表现出的情绪。分离、培养外周血单核细胞并进行检测，以确定白细胞介素（IL）-5、IL-13和干扰素-γ的刺激水平。
结果
母亲反应性越高，IL-5（r = -0.38，p = 0.012）和IL-13（r = -0.33，p = 0.031）的刺激产生量越低。青少年总体积极情绪越高，IL-5（r = -0.46，p = 0.002）和IL-13（r = -0.37，p = 0.014）的刺激产生量越低。青少年总体消极情绪与免疫反应无关。在调整照顾者与青少年的冲突以及青少年的消极情绪后，母亲反应性通过青少年的积极情绪对较低水平的IL-5（95%置信区间 = -3.41至 -0.03）和IL-13（95%置信区间 = -2.34至 -0.01）产生显著的间接影响。
结论
这些结果表明积极的家庭互动对青少年的重要性，并为养育方式影响哮喘青少年免疫反应的机制提供了初步证据。
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