Mikulic-Petkovsek Maja, Ivancic Anton, Todorovic Biljana, Veberic Robert, Stampar Franci
Biotechnical Faculty, Dept. of Agronomy, Chair for Fruit, Viticulture and Vegetable Growing, Univ. of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva, 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Inst. for Genetics, Univ. of Maribor, Hoce, Slovenia.
J Food Sci. 2015 Oct;80(10):C2180-90. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.13008. Epub 2015 Sep 26.
The aim of this study was to investigate a detailed composition and content of phenolic compounds in fruits of 4 elderberry species (Sambucus nigra, S. cerulea, S. ebulus, and S racemosa) and 8 interspecific hybrids. Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) represented the major share of phenolics in analyzed elderberries; caffeoylquinic and p-coumaroylquinic acids were most abundant. Flavanols (catechin, epicatechin, and different procyanidins) were the second major phenolic group detected in range from 2% to 30% of total analyzed phenolics. From the group of flavonols, 13 different quercetin glycosides, 7 kaempferol glycosides, and 8 isorhamnetin glycosides have been quantified. Rutin was the major flavonol in all studied genotypes. S. ebulus was characterized by the highest level of total HCAs, catechin, epicatechin, and most flavonols. Some elderberry hybrids, for example JA × RAC, CER × NI, and JA × (JA × NI), are perspective for further studies because they have high content of phenolic compounds. The results of research could contribute to breed cultivars, which may prove interesting for food-processing industries.
Different levels of phenolic compounds have been measured in fruit of analyzed elderberry species and interspecific hybrids. Natural evaluation of elderberry genetic resources, the identification of phenolic compounds, and assessment of their properties are of great interest to breeders and directly valid for pharmaceutical and food industry.
本研究的目的是调查4种接骨木属植物（黑接骨木、蓝接骨木、欧洲接骨木和总状花接骨木）以及8个种间杂种果实中酚类化合物的详细组成和含量。羟基肉桂酸（HCAs）在分析的接骨木果实中占酚类物质的主要部分；咖啡酰奎宁酸和对香豆酰奎宁酸含量最为丰富。黄烷醇（儿茶素、表儿茶素和不同的原花青素）是检测到的第二大类酚类物质，占分析的总酚类物质的2%至30%。在黄酮醇类中，已对13种不同的槲皮素糖苷、7种山奈酚糖苷和8种异鼠李素糖苷进行了定量。芦丁是所有研究基因型中的主要黄酮醇。欧洲接骨木的特点是总羟基肉桂酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素和大多数黄酮醇的含量最高。一些接骨木杂种，例如JA×RAC、CER×NI和JA×（JA×NI），因其酚类化合物含量高而具有进一步研究的前景。研究结果有助于培育品种，这可能会引起食品加工业的兴趣。
已测定了分析的接骨木属植物和种间杂种果实中不同水平的酚类化合物。接骨木遗传资源的自然评估、酚类化合物的鉴定及其性质的评估对育种者具有极大的兴趣，并且对制药和食品工业具有直接的有效性。
