Oku Masahide, Sakai Yasuyoshi
Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan; Research Unit for Physiological Chemistry, the Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 May;1863(5):992-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.09.023. Epub 2015 Sep 26.
Pexophagy, selective degradation of peroxisomes via autophagy, is the main system for reducing organelle abundance. Elucidation of the molecular machinery of pexophagy has been pioneered in studies of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the methylotrophic yeasts Pichia pastoris and Hansenula polymorpha. Recent analyses using these yeasts have elucidated the molecular machineries of pexophagy, especially in terms of the interactions and modifications of the so-called adaptor proteins required for guiding autophagic membrane biogenesis on the organelle surface. Based on the recent findings, functional relevance of pexophagy and another autophagic pathway, mitophagy (selective autophagy of mitochondria), is discussed. We also discuss the physiological importance of pexophagy in these yeast systems.
过氧化物酶体自噬，即通过自噬选择性降解过氧化物酶体，是减少细胞器数量的主要系统。对过氧化物酶体自噬分子机制的阐明，始于对出芽酵母酿酒酵母以及甲基营养型酵母巴斯德毕赤酵母和多形汉逊酵母的研究。最近利用这些酵母进行的分析，已经阐明了过氧化物酶体自噬的分子机制，特别是在引导细胞器表面自噬膜生物发生所需的所谓衔接蛋白的相互作用和修饰方面。基于最近的研究结果，讨论了过氧化物酶体自噬与另一种自噬途径——线粒体自噬（线粒体的选择性自噬）的功能相关性。我们还讨论了过氧化物酶体自噬在这些酵母系统中的生理重要性。
