Shiraishi Kosuke, Sakai Yasuyoshi
Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Mar 25;13:867486. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.867486. eCollection 2022.
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation process that is highly conserved among eukaryotes at the molecular level. The process was originally revealed in the budding yeast, but the physiological role of autophagy in yeast cells had remained unknown as autophagy-deficient yeast mutants did now show a clear growth phenotype in laboratory conditions. In this review, we introduce the role of autophagy in the methylotrophic yeast grown on the leaf surface of . Autophagy is shown to be required for proliferation in the phyllosphere, and selective autophagic pathways such as pexophagy and cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway are strictly regulated during both the daily cycle and the host plant life cycle. This review describes our current understanding of the role of autophagy as a survival strategy for phyllosphere fungi. Critical functions of autophagy for pathogen invasions are also discussed.
自噬是一种细胞内降解过程，在分子水平上在真核生物中高度保守。该过程最初在出芽酵母中被揭示，但由于自噬缺陷型酵母突变体在实验室条件下未表现出明显的生长表型，自噬在酵母细胞中的生理作用一直未知。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了自噬在生长于叶表面的甲基营养型酵母中的作用。结果表明，自噬是叶际中增殖所必需的，并且在日常周期和宿主植物生命周期中，诸如过氧化物酶体自噬和细胞质到液泡靶向（Cvt）途径等选择性自噬途径都受到严格调控。这篇综述描述了我们目前对自噬作为叶际真菌生存策略的作用的理解。还讨论了自噬对病原体入侵的关键功能。
