Gill J, Chick J, Black H, Rees C, O'May F, Rush R, McPake B A
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UK.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UK.
Public Health. 2015 Dec;129(12):1571-8. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.08.013. Epub 2015 Sep 26.
Potential strategies to address alcohol misuse remain contentious. We aim to characterise the drink purchases of one population group: heavy drinkers in contact with Scottish health services. We contrast our findings with national sales data and explore the impact of socio-economic status on purchasing behaviour.
Cross-sectional study comparing alcohol purchasing and consumption by heavy drinkers in Edinburgh and Glasgow during 2012.
639 patients with serious health problems linked to alcohol (recruited within NHS hospital clinics (in- and out-patient settings) 345 in Glasgow, 294 in Edinburgh) responded to a questionnaire documenting demographic data and last week's or a 'typical' weekly consumption (type, brand, volume, price, place of purchase). Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation quintile was derived as proxy of sociodemographic status.
Median consumption was 184.8 (IQR = 162.2) UK units/week paying a mean of 39.7 pence per alcohol unit (£0.397). Off-sales accounted for 95% of purchases with 85% of those <50 pence (£0.5 UK) per alcohol unit. Corresponding figures for the Scottish population are 69% and 60%. The most popular low-priced drinks were white cider, beer and vodka with the most common off-sales outlet being the corner shop, despite supermarkets offering cheaper options. Consumption levels of the cheapest drink (white cider) were similar across all quintiles apart from the least deprived.
Heavy drinkers from all quintiles purchase the majority of their drinks from off-sale settings seeking the cheapest drinks, often favouring local suppliers. While beer was popular, recent legislation impacting on the sale of multibuys may prevent the heaviest drinkers benefiting from the lower beer prices available in supermarkets. Non-etheless, drinkers were able to offset higher unit prices with cheaper drink types and maintain high levels of consumption. Whilst price is key, heavy drinkers are influenced by other factors and adapt their purchasing as necessary.
应对酒精滥用的潜在策略仍存在争议。我们旨在描述一类人群的饮酒购买情况：与苏格兰医疗服务机构有接触的重度饮酒者。我们将研究结果与全国销售数据进行对比，并探讨社会经济地位对购买行为的影响。
2012年在爱丁堡和格拉斯哥对重度饮酒者的酒精购买与消费情况进行比较的横断面研究。
639名与酒精相关的严重健康问题患者（在NHS医院诊所（门诊和住院部）招募，格拉斯哥345名，爱丁堡294名）回答了一份记录人口统计学数据以及上周或“典型”每周饮酒量（类型、品牌、数量、价格、购买地点）的问卷。采用苏格兰多重剥夺指数五分位数作为社会人口学地位的代理指标。
每周饮酒量中位数为184.8（四分位间距 = 162.2）英国单位，每酒精单位平均花费39.7便士（0.397英镑）。非售酒渠道购买占总购买量的95%，其中85%的购买单价低于50便士（0.5英镑）每酒精单位。苏格兰人口的相应数字分别为69%和60%。最受欢迎的低价饮品是白苹果酒、啤酒和伏特加，最常见的非售酒购买场所是街角商店，尽管超市提供更便宜的选择。除了最不贫困的五分位数人群外，所有五分位数人群中最便宜饮品（白苹果酒）的消费水平相似。
所有五分位数人群中的重度饮酒者大多从非售酒渠道购买饮品，寻求最便宜的酒，且通常青睐当地供应商。虽然啤酒很受欢迎，但近期影响多瓶购买销售的立法可能使饮酒量最大的人无法从超市较低的啤酒价格中受益。尽管如此，饮酒者能够通过选择更便宜的饮品类型来抵消较高的单价，并维持较高的饮酒量。虽然价格是关键，但重度饮酒者还受其他因素影响，并会根据需要调整购买行为。
