Gill Jan S, Rush Robert, Black Heather, O'May Fiona P, Chick Jonathan, Rees Cheryl, McPake Barbara
School of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, UK
School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK.
Perspect Public Health. 2016 Jan;136(1):34-42. doi: 10.1177/1757913915603039. Epub 2015 Sep 29.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: An appreciation of the drinking patterns of population subgroups may usefully inform tailored interventions. For this purpose, research has highlighted a need to better describe the drinking behaviour of UK women. This study aims to characterise the purchasing and consumption behaviour of female heavy, harmed, drinkers in contact with Scottish health services in two cities and to explore the factors that influence the link to harm.
Mixed methods study involving cross-sectional survey questionnaires and one-to-one interviews (5). The questionnaires documented (1) demographic data (including derived deprivation score), last week's (or 'typical' weekly) consumption (type, brand, volume, price, place of purchase), self-reported illnesses, and (2) Alcohol-Related Problem Questionnaire score. A total of 181 patients with serious health problems linked to alcohol were recruited within National Health Service (NHS) hospital clinics (in- and outpatient settings), in two Scottish cities during 2012.
Median consumption was 157.6 UK units for the recorded week, with almost exclusive purchase from 'off-sale' retail outlets. Preferred drinks were white cider, vodka and white wine. Increasing problems was positively associated with drinking more in the week, being younger and belonging to Glasgow.
For Scottish women, the current definition of 'harmful' consumption likely captures a fourfold variation in alcohol intake, with gender differences less apparent. While current alcohol-related harm is positively associated with dose and being younger, there is clear evidence of an influence of the less tangible 'Glasgow effect'. Future harm concerns are warranted by data relating to pattern, alcohol dose and cigarette use.
背景/目的：了解不同人群亚组的饮酒模式有助于制定针对性的干预措施。为此，研究强调需要更好地描述英国女性的饮酒行为。本研究旨在描述两个城市中与苏格兰医疗服务机构有接触的女性重度有害饮酒者的购买和消费行为，并探讨影响与危害关联的因素。
采用混合方法研究，包括横断面调查问卷和一对一访谈（5）。问卷记录了（1）人口统计学数据（包括衍生贫困得分）、上周（或“典型”每周）的消费情况（类型、品牌、数量、价格、购买地点）、自我报告的疾病，以及（2）酒精相关问题问卷得分。2012年期间，在苏格兰两个城市的国民健康服务（NHS）医院诊所（门诊和住院部）招募了总共181名与酒精相关的严重健康问题患者。
记录周的平均消费量为157.6英国单位，几乎全部从“非售酒”零售店购买。偏好的饮品是白苹果酒、伏特加和白葡萄酒。问题增加与当周饮酒量增加、年龄较小以及来自格拉斯哥呈正相关。
对于苏格兰女性，目前“有害”消费的定义可能涵盖了酒精摄入量四倍的差异，性别差异不太明显。虽然目前与酒精相关的危害与饮酒量和年龄较小呈正相关，但有明确证据表明存在不太明显的“格拉斯哥效应”影响。与饮酒模式、酒精摄入量和吸烟情况相关的数据表明，未来有必要关注危害问题。
