De Rossi Pietro, Chiapponi Chiara, Spalletta Gianfranco
Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina, 306, 00179 Rome, Italy.
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2015;13(4):435-44. doi: 10.2174/1570159x13666150507223542.
Psychopharmacological treatments for schizophrenia have always been a matter of debate and a very important issue in public health given the chronic, relapsing and disabling nature of the disorder. A thorough understanding of the pros and cons of currently available pharmacological treatments for schizophrenia is critical to better capture the features of treatment-refractory clinical pictures and plan the developing of new treatment strategies. This review focuses on brain functional changes induced by antipsychotic drugs as assessed by modern functional neuroimaging techniques (i.e. fMRI, PET, SPECT, MRI spectroscopy). The most important papers on this topic are reviewed in order to draw an ideal map of the main functional changes occurring in the brain during antipsychotic treatment. This supports the hypothesis that a network-based perspective and a functional connectivity approach are needed to fill the currently existing gap of knowledge in the field of psychotropic drugs and their mechanisms of action beyond neurotransmitter systems.
鉴于精神分裂症具有慢性、复发性和致残性的特点，其心理药物治疗一直是一个有争议的问题，也是公共卫生领域的一个非常重要的问题。深入了解目前可用的精神分裂症药物治疗的利弊，对于更好地把握治疗难治性临床症状的特征以及规划新治疗策略的开发至关重要。本综述聚焦于通过现代功能神经影像学技术（即功能磁共振成像、正电子发射断层扫描、单光子发射计算机断层扫描、磁共振波谱）评估的抗精神病药物引起的脑功能变化。对该主题最重要的论文进行了综述，以便绘制出抗精神病治疗期间大脑中发生的主要功能变化的理想图谱。这支持了这样一种假设，即需要基于网络的视角和功能连接方法来填补目前在精神药物及其作用机制（超越神经递质系统）领域存在的知识空白。
