Lee Kyung-Jae, Kim Jeung-Im
Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chonan, South Korea.
Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2015 Sep;9(3):265-70. doi: 10.1016/j.anr.2015.07.002. Epub 2015 Jul 22.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the health behaviors and risk factors for self-reported depression in Korean working women.
This study adopted a secondary analysis from the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES-V) for the Health Examination Survey and Health Behavior Survey, using stratified, multi-stage, cluster-sampling design to obtain a nationally representative sample. Data were gathered on extensive information including sociodemographic, occupational characteristics, health behaviors and depression. Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to compute the odds ratio (OR) between health behaviors and depression to identify the health behaviors and the risk factors for depression with adjustment for the complex sample design of the survey.
The prevalence rate of depression was 15.5% among working women. Depression was more common in older female workers and in those with part-time job. Current smokers were significantly more likely to be depression-positive. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, significant variables of depression were marital status (OR = 2.02; 95% CI [1.05, 3.89]), smoking status (OR = 1.55; 95% CI [1.01, 2.38]), stress (OR = 0.20; 95% CI [0.15, 0.26]), employment condition (OR = 1.77; 95% CI [1.34, 2.33]) and health status (OR = 2.10; 95% CI [1.53, 2.87]).
Based on the study, factors leading to depression were marital status, current smoking, stress, employment condition and self-reported health status. Further studies are expected to unravel the characteristics of stress. Health care providers for women need to evaluate underreported depression and change their associated health behaviors. Also it is necessary to establish preventive strategies for female workers to control the negative effect of depression in the workplace.
本研究旨在调查韩国职业女性的健康行为及自我报告的抑郁风险因素。
本研究采用对韩国第五次全国健康与营养检查调查（KNHANES-V）中的健康检查调查和健康行为调查进行二次分析，采用分层、多阶段、整群抽样设计以获取具有全国代表性的样本。收集了包括社会人口统计学、职业特征、健康行为和抑郁情况等广泛信息的数据。采用多重逻辑回归分析来计算健康行为与抑郁之间的比值比（OR），以识别健康行为及抑郁的风险因素，并针对调查的复杂样本设计进行调整。
职业女性中抑郁症的患病率为15.5%。抑郁症在年龄较大的女性工作者和兼职者中更为常见。当前吸烟者患抑郁症呈阳性的可能性显著更高。在多重逻辑回归分析中，抑郁症的显著变量包括婚姻状况（OR = 2.02；95% CI [1.05, 3.89]）、吸烟状况（OR = 1.55；95% CI [1.01, 2.38]）、压力（OR = 0.20；95% CI [, 0.26]）、就业状况（OR = 1.77；95% CI [1.34, 2.33]）和健康状况（OR = 2.10；95% CI [1.53, 2.87]）。
基于本研究，导致抑郁症的因素有婚姻状况、当前吸烟情况、压力、就业状况和自我报告的健康状况。期望进一步的研究能揭示压力的特征。女性医疗保健提供者需要评估未充分报告的抑郁症情况并改变其相关的健康行为。此外，有必要为职业女性制定预防策略，以控制抑郁症在工作场所的负面影响。
