United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
J Control Release. 2015 Dec 28;220(Pt A):1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.049. Epub 2015 Sep 28.
Functional Micro-Dispensers (FMDs) based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) were designed to deliver spatial repellents that reduce the ability of mosquitoes to feed on humans. FMDs were integrated with fabrics as functional materials for protection against mosquito bites. The use of MEMS devices provides an unprecedented control over the release kinetics by means of integration with electronics for selective and timely activation of each device to perform controlled release of pesticides in air. In addition, because MEMS manufacturing techniques evolved from the microelectronic industry, FMDs can be mass produced at very low cost. Trials using FMDs that contained transfluthrin improved protection against mosquito feeding in human subjects above that of permethrin-treated uniform fabric worn on the arm of the volunteer. The overall reduction in feeding was approximately 90% compared to the untreated fabric control, and about 50% reduction compared to the permethrin-treated fabric control. The devices were efficacious over course of 32 days. FMDs have the potential for a simple and cost-effective implementation for mass adoption as wearable devices integrated in fabrics as active functional materials.
基于微机电系统（MEMS）的功能微分配器（FMD）旨在输送空间驱避剂，以降低蚊子吸食人类血液的能力。FMD 与织物集成，作为功能材料，用于防止蚊虫叮咬。MEMS 器件的使用通过与电子设备集成，为每个设备的选择性和及时激活提供了前所未有的控制，从而实现了空气中农药的控制释放。此外，由于 MEMS 制造技术源自微电子行业，因此 FMD 可以以非常低的成本进行大规模生产。在人体试验中，使用含有四氟苯菊酯的 FMD 可提高对蚊子叮咬的保护效果，优于志愿者手臂上穿着的经氯菊酯处理的均匀织物。与未经处理的织物对照相比，总摄食量减少了约 90%，与经氯菊酯处理的织物对照相比，减少了约 50%。这些设备在 32 天的时间内有效。FMD 有可能作为一种简单且具有成本效益的方法，通过集成在织物中的可穿戴设备作为主动功能材料得到广泛应用。
