Tomaszewski Dariusz
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland.
Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:402959. doi: 10.1155/2015/402959. Epub 2015 Aug 31.
The incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in orthopedic patients varies from 16% to 45%, although it can be as high as 72%. As a consequence, the hospitalization time of patients who developed POCD was longer, the outcome and quality of life were worsened, and prolonged medical and social assistance were necessary. In this review the short description of such biomarkers of brain damage as the S100B protein, NSE, GFAP, Tau protein, metalloproteinases, ubiquitin C terminal hydrolase, microtubule-associated protein, myelin basic protein, α-II spectrin breakdown products, and microRNA was made. The role of thromboembolic material in the development of cognitive decline was also discussed. Special attention was paid to optimization of surgical and anesthetic procedures in the prevention of postoperative cognitive decline.
骨科患者术后认知功能障碍（POCD）的发生率在16%至45%之间，尽管其可能高达72%。因此，发生POCD的患者住院时间更长，结局和生活质量恶化，并且需要长期的医疗和社会援助。在本综述中，对脑损伤生物标志物如S100B蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、 Tau蛋白、金属蛋白酶、泛素C末端水解酶、微管相关蛋白、髓鞘碱性蛋白、α-II血影蛋白降解产物和微小RNA进行了简要描述。还讨论了血栓栓塞物质在认知功能下降发展中的作用。特别关注了优化手术和麻醉程序以预防术后认知功能下降。
