Nishikawa Saori, Toshima Tamotsu, Kobayashi Masao
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan; Phoenix Leader Education Program, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan.
Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Higashi Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan.
PLoS One. 2015 Sep 29;10(9):e0134685. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134685. eCollection 2015.
This study examined changes in prefrontal oxy-Hb levels measured by NIRS (Near-Infrared Spectroscopy) during a facial-emotion recognition task in healthy adults, testing a mediational/moderational model of these variables. Fifty-three healthy adults (male = 35, female = 18) aged between 22 to 37 years old (mean age = 24.05 years old) provided saliva samples, completed a EMBU questionnaire (Swedish acronym for Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran [My memories of upbringing]), and participated in a facial-emotion recognition task during NIRS recording. There was a main effect of maternal rejection on RoxH (right frontal activation during an ambiguous task), and a gene × environment (G × E) interaction on RoxH, suggesting that individuals who carry the SL or LL genotype and who endorse greater perceived maternal rejection show less right frontal activation than SL/LL carriers with lower perceived maternal rejection. Finally, perceived parenting style played a mediating role in right frontal activation via the 5-HTTLPR genotype. Early-perceived parenting might influence neural activity in an uncertain situation i.e. rating ambiguous faces among individuals with certain genotypes. This preliminary study makes a small contribution to the mapping of an influence of gene and behaviour on the neural system. More such attempts should be made in order to clarify the links.
本研究检测了健康成年人在面部表情识别任务中通过近红外光谱（NIRS）测量的前额叶氧合血红蛋白水平的变化，检验了这些变量的中介/调节模型。53名年龄在22至37岁之间（平均年龄 = 24.05岁）的健康成年人（男性 = 35名，女性 = 18名）提供了唾液样本，完成了一份EMBU问卷（瑞典语“Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran”[我的成长记忆]的首字母缩写），并在近红外光谱记录期间参与了面部表情识别任务。母亲拒绝存在对RoxH（在模糊任务期间的右侧额叶激活）有主效应，并且RoxH存在基因×环境（G×E）交互作用，这表明携带SL或LL基因型且认可更高感知到的母亲拒绝的个体，与感知到母亲拒绝较低的SL/LL携带者相比，右侧额叶激活更少。最后，感知到的养育方式通过5-HTTLPR基因型在右侧额叶激活中起中介作用。早期感知到的养育方式可能会影响在不确定情境下的神经活动，即在具有特定基因型的个体中对面部表情模糊的面孔进行评分时。这项初步研究对绘制基因和行为对神经系统的影响有微薄贡献。应该进行更多这样的尝试以阐明其中的联系。
