Cámara Lourdes, Berrocoso Julio Díaz, Fuentetaja Alfonso, López-Bote Clemente José, De Blas Carlos, Mateos Gonzalo G
Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
CEI Campus Moncloa, UCM-UPM, Madrid, Spain.
Anim Sci J. 2016 Jan;87(1):134-42. doi: 10.1111/asj.12404. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
We studied the influence of pen uniformity at weaning (7.5 ± 0.6 kg vs. 7.5 ± 1.2 kg body weight (BW ± SD)) and sex on growth performance during the nursery (7.5 to 27.3 kg BW) and the fattening (27.1 to 130.5 kg BW) phases and carcass quality of barrows and castrated females (CF). During the nursery phase, pigs from the more uniform pens had lower feed efficiency (P = 0.05) than pigs from the less uniform pens. Also, barrows had higher average daily feed intake (ADFI) (P < 0.05) and average daily gain (P < 0.001) and better feed efficiency (P < 0.001) than CF. During the fattening phase, initial pen uniformity did not affect growth performance of the pigs but barrows tended (P = 0.08) to have higher ADFI and worse feed efficiency than CF. Trimmed primal cut yield tended to be higher for the more uniform pigs and better for barrows than for CF (P = 0.09). It is concluded that regrouping of the pigs at weaning according to uniformity of BW did not affect growth performance or carcass quality of the pigs at slaughter. Castrated females might be used as an alternative to barrows for the production of carcasses destined to the dry-cured industry.
我们研究了断奶时体重均匀度（体重7.5±0.6千克与7.5±1.2千克（体重±标准差））和性别对保育期（体重7.5至27.3千克）和育肥期（体重27.1至130.5千克）生长性能以及公猪和去势母猪胴体品质的影响。在保育期，来自体重更均匀栏舍的猪比来自体重不太均匀栏舍的猪饲料效率更低（P = 0.05）。此外，公猪比去势母猪的平均日采食量（ADFI）更高（P < 0.05）、平均日增重更高（P < 0.001）且饲料效率更好（P < 0.001）。在育肥期，初始栏舍均匀度未影响猪的生长性能，但公猪的ADFI往往更高（P = 0.08）且饲料效率比去势母猪更差。体重更均匀的猪的修整后主要切块产量往往更高，公猪的比去势母猪更好（P = 0.09）。得出的结论是，断奶时根据体重均匀度对猪进行重新分组不会影响屠宰时猪的生长性能或胴体品质。去势母猪可作为公猪的替代选择，用于生产用于腌制行业的胴体。
