Mearns Alan J, Reish Donald J, Oshida Philip S, Ginn Thomas, Rempel-Hester Mary Ann, Arthur Courtney, Rutherford Nicolle, Pryor Rachel
Emergency Response Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA.
Water Environ Res. 2015 Oct;87(10):1718-816. doi: 10.2175/106143015X14338845156380.
This review covers selected 2014 articles on the biological effects of pollutants and human physical disturbances on marine and estuarine plants, animals, ecosystems and habitats. The review, based largely on journal articles, covers field and laboratory measurement activities (bioaccumulation of contaminants, field assessment surveys, toxicity testing and biomarkers) as well as pollution issues of current interest including endocrine disrupters, emerging contaminants, wastewater discharges, dredging and disposal, etc. Special emphasis is placed on effects of oil spills and marine debris due in part to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil blowout in the Gulf of Mexico and the 2011 Japanese tsunami. Several topical areas reviewed in the past (ballast water and ocean acidification) were dropped this year. The focus of this review is on effects, not pollutant fate and transport. There is considerable overlap across subject areas (e.g.some bioaccumulation papers may be cited in other topical categories). Please use keyword searching of the text to locate related but distributed papers. Use this review only as a guide and please consult the original papers before citing them.
本综述涵盖了2014年发表的关于污染物和人类物理干扰对海洋及河口植物、动物、生态系统和栖息地的生物学影响的部分文章。该综述主要基于期刊文章，涵盖了野外和实验室测量活动（污染物的生物累积、野外评估调查、毒性测试和生物标志物）以及当前人们关注的污染问题，包括内分泌干扰物、新兴污染物、废水排放、疏浚和处置等。部分由于2010年墨西哥湾深水地平线石油泄漏事故和2011年日本海啸，本综述特别强调了石油泄漏和海洋垃圾的影响。过去曾进行综述的几个主题领域（压载水和海洋酸化）在今年被剔除。本综述的重点是影响，而非污染物的归宿和迁移。各主题领域之间存在相当多的重叠（例如，一些生物累积方面的论文可能会在其他主题类别中被引用）。请通过对文本进行关键词搜索来查找相关但分布在不同地方的论文。仅将本综述作为指南，在引用原始论文之前请查阅原始论文。
