Emergency Response Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA.
Water Environ Res. 2016 Oct;88(10):1693-807. doi: 10.2175/106143016X14696400495695.
This review covers selected 2015 articles on the biological effects of pollutants and human physical disturbances on marine and estuarine plants, animals, ecosystems and habitats. The review, based largely on journal articles, covers field and laboratory measurement activities (bioaccumulation of contaminants, field assessment surveys, toxicity testing and biomarkers) as well as pollution issues of current interest including endocrine disrupters, emerging contaminants, wastewater discharges, dredging and disposal, etc. Special emphasis is placed on effects of oil spills and marine debris due largely to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil blowout in the Gulf of Mexico. Several topical areas reviewed in the past (ballast water and ocean acidification) were dropped this year. The focus of this review is on effects, not pollutant fate and transport. There is considerable overlap across subject areas (e.g.some bioaccumulation papers may be cited in other topical categories). Please use keyword searching of the text to locate related but distributed papers. Use this review only as a guide and please consult the original papers before citing them.
本综述涵盖了 2015 年有关污染物的生物效应以及人类对海洋和河口动植物、生态系统和栖息地的物理干扰的精选文献。该综述主要基于期刊文章，涵盖了现场和实验室测量活动（污染物的生物累积、现场评估调查、毒性测试和生物标志物）以及当前关注的污染问题，包括内分泌干扰物、新兴污染物、废水排放、疏浚和处置等。特别强调了由于 2010 年墨西哥湾深水地平线石油泄漏事件而导致的石油泄漏和海洋垃圾的影响。今年删除了过去综述过的几个专题领域（压载水和海洋酸化）。本综述的重点是影响，而不是污染物的归宿和迁移。各主题领域之间存在相当大的重叠（例如，一些生物累积论文可能会被引用到其他专题类别中）。请使用文本的关键字搜索来定位相关但分散的论文。在引用它们之前，请仅将本综述用作指南，并查阅原始论文。
