Das Suchismita, Choudhury Shamim Sultana
a Aquatic Toxicology and Remediation Laboratory , Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University , Silchar , India.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2016;51(1):21-33. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2015.1079102. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
The aim of this study was to assess the regional impacts of heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni) on water, sediment and a native, teleost fish species, Labeo angra, inhabiting a flood plain wetland of Barak River in Assam, India. Heavy metal concentrations in the water, sediments and fish were measured; bioaccumulation factor, metal pollution index as well as condition indices were calculated, to assess the pollution load and health status of the fish. Multivariate statistical analysis was used on wetland water and sediment heavy metals to ascertain the possible sources and seasonal variations of the pollutants. Results showed that most heavy metals in the wetland water and sediments exceeded the water (drinking and irrigation) and sediment quality guidelines, respectively. Seasonal variations were observed for geogenic heavy metals, Mn, Fe, Mg and Ca while no seasonal variations were observed for anthropogenic heavy metals, Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that there was strong correlation between geogenic and anthropogenic heavy metals in water and sediment, both originating from the common anthropogenic sources. Accumulation of most of the metals in all the tissues was above the safe limits as recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization. High bioaccumulation factors and metal pollution index for these metals in the different tissues revealed that metals were extensively bio-accumulated and bioconcentrated. Condition indices in fish from the wetland suggested metabolic abnormalities.
本研究的目的是评估重金属（锰、铁、镁、钙、铜、锌、镉、铬、铅和镍）对印度阿萨姆邦巴拉克河漫滩湿地的水、沉积物以及当地硬骨鱼类印度野鲮的区域影响。测量了水、沉积物和鱼类中的重金属浓度；计算了生物累积因子、金属污染指数以及状况指数，以评估鱼类的污染负荷和健康状况。对湿地水和沉积物中的重金属进行了多元统计分析，以确定污染物的可能来源和季节变化。结果表明，湿地水和沉积物中的大多数重金属分别超过了水（饮用水和灌溉用水）和沉积物质量指南。观察到了地质成因重金属锰、铁、镁和钙的季节变化，而人为来源的重金属铜、镉、铬、铅和镍未观察到季节变化。多元统计分析表明，水和沉积物中的地质成因重金属与人为来源重金属之间存在很强的相关性，两者均源自共同的人为来源。所有组织中大多数金属的积累量均高于联合国粮食及农业组织建议的安全限值。这些金属在不同组织中的高生物累积因子和金属污染指数表明，金属被大量生物累积和生物浓缩。湿地鱼类的状况指数表明存在代谢异常。
