Yeh Jih-Cheng J, Hsu Sharon H, Mittmann Angela J, Litt Dana, Geisner Irene M
a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington , USA.
J Ethn Subst Abuse. 2016 Apr-Jun;15(2):160-75. doi: 10.1080/15332640.2015.1011733. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
The number and proportion of foreign-born individuals in the U.S. population has increased in recent decades. From 1970 to 2007, the foreign-born population more than tripled to approximately 37 million (U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 , 2008 ). Foreign-born students are a key subpopulation of college students. About 23% of U.S. undergraduate college students in 2007-2008 were either born outside of the United States (10%) or were children of at least one first-generation immigrant parent (13%; National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education [NCES], 2012 ). Asian students constitute the majority (30%) of foreign-born undergraduates. Although foreign-born Asian students compose nearly one-quarter of the college population, limited research has examined how rates of alcohol use and depression differ between foreign-born and U.S.-born Asian college students (Gonzalez, Reynolds, & Skewes, 2011 ; Ralston & Palfai, 2012 ). The limited research is worrisome given their increasing rates of college enrollment (U.S. Census Bureau, 2011 ), alcohol consumption (Aud, Fox, & KewalRamani, 2010 ), alcohol abuse and dependence (Grant et al., 2004 ), and underutilization of mental health services (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2001 ). Collectively, these factors point to the need for further research tailored to Asian college drinkers.
近几十年来,美国人口中出生在国外的人数及其所占比例均有所增加。从1970年到2007年,出生在国外的人口增长了两倍多,达到约3700万(美国人口普查局,1997年,2008年)。出生在国外的学生是大学生中的一个关键亚群体。在2007 - 2008年,约23%的美国本科生要么出生在美国境外(10%),要么父母中至少有一方是第一代移民(13%;美国教育部国家教育统计中心[NCES],2012年)。亚洲学生占出生在国外的本科生的大多数(30%)。尽管出生在国外的亚洲学生占大学生总数的近四分之一,但针对出生在国外和出生在美国的亚洲大学生饮酒率和抑郁症患病率差异进行研究的却很有限(冈萨雷斯、雷诺兹和斯凯韦斯,2011年;拉尔斯顿和帕尔法伊,2012年)。鉴于他们上大学的比例、饮酒量、酒精滥用和依赖情况以及心理健康服务利用率都在上升(美国人口普查局,2011年;奥德、福克斯和凯瓦尔拉马尼,2010年;格兰特等人,2004年;美国卫生与公众服务部,2001年),这一有限的研究令人担忧。总体而言,这些因素表明有必要针对亚洲大学生饮酒者开展进一步研究。