D'Ascenzi Flavio, Pelliccia Antonio, Alvino Federico, Solari Marco, Loffreno Antonella, Cameli Matteo, Focardi Marta, Bonifazi Marco, Mondillo Sergio
Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, Rome, Italy.
Heart. 2015 Nov;101(22):1834-9. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308189. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
LV longitudinal strain, a recognised marker of LV function, has been recently applied to the evaluation of the athlete's heart. At present, little is known about the influence of training on LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) in athletes. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the impact of training on LV longitudinal strain and twist mechanics in a cohort of competitive athletes.
Ninety-one competitive athletes, practising team sports and competing at national or international level, were analysed. Echocardiographic evaluation was performed at the beginning of the season (low training) and after 18±2 weeks of a supervised, intensive training programme (peak training).
A significant increase in LV mass (p<0.0001), LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volume (p=0.0001 and <0.0001, respectively) was found at peak training. LV basal and apical torsion (p=0.59 and 0.43, respectively) and LV twisting (p=0.78) did not change, and only a mild increase in LV GLS was evident after training (p=0.044). Resting heart rate was identified as the only independent predictor of LV GLS after training (β=0.30, p=0.005).
A 18-week, intensive training programme induced only a slight increase in LV GLS despite marked changes in cardiac morphology, suggesting a physiological adaptation of the LV to exercise conditioning.
左心室纵向应变是公认的左心室功能标志物，最近已应用于运动员心脏的评估。目前，关于训练对运动员左心室整体纵向应变（GLS）的影响知之甚少。本研究的目的是前瞻性地调查训练对一组竞技运动员左心室纵向应变和扭转力学的影响。
对91名从事团队运动且在国家或国际水平比赛的竞技运动员进行了分析。在赛季开始时（低训练量）以及在接受为期18±2周的有监督的强化训练计划后（训练高峰期）进行超声心动图评估。
在训练高峰期，发现左心室质量显著增加（p<0.0001），左心室舒张末期和收缩末期容积也显著增加（分别为p=0.0001和<0.0001）。左心室基部和心尖扭转（分别为p=0.59和0.43）以及左心室扭转（p=0.78）没有变化，训练后仅左心室GLS有轻微增加（p=0.044）。静息心率被确定为训练后左心室GLS的唯一独立预测因素（β=0.30，p=0.005）。
尽管心脏形态发生了显著变化，但为期18周的强化训练计划仅使左心室GLS略有增加，这表明左心室对运动训练产生了生理适应性变化。
