Beck Bolette Daniels, Hansen Åse Marie, Gold Christian
Department of Communication, Aalborg University, Denmark Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, affiliated to the National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark GAMUT-The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, Uni Research Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway
Department of Communication, Aalborg University, Denmark Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, affiliated to the National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark GAMUT-The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, Uni Research Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway.
J Music Ther. 2015 Fall;52(3):323-52. doi: 10.1093/jmt/thv011. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
Long-term stress-related sick leave constitutes a serious health threat and an economic burden on both the single worker and the society. Effective interventions for the rehabilitation and facilitation of return to work are needed.
The aim of the study was to examine the effects of Guided Imagery and Music (GIM), a psychotherapy intervention including relaxation, music listening, and imagery, on biopsychosocial measures of work-related stress.
Twenty Danish workers on sick leave were randomized to music therapy versus wait-list control. Data collection was carried out at an occupational health ward in the period 2008-2010. Changes in salivary cortisol, testosterone, and melatonin were explored, and self-reported data on psychological stress symptoms (perceived stress, mood disturbance, sleep quality, physical distress symptoms, work readiness, well-being, anxiety, depression, immediate stress) were collected. Data regarding sick leave situation and job return were collected from participants throughout the study.
Significant beneficial effects of GIM compared to wait-list after nine weeks with large effect sizes were found in well-being, mood disturbance, and physical distress, and in cortisol concentrations with a medium effect size. A comparison between early and late intervention as related to the onset of sick leave showed faster job return and significantly improved perceived stress, well-being, mood disturbance, depression, anxiety, and physical distress symptoms in favor of early intervention. In the whole sample, 83% of the participants had returned to work at nine weeks' follow-up.
The results indicate that GIM is a promising treatment for work-related chronic stress, and further studies are recommended.
长期与压力相关的病假对个体劳动者和社会而言，都是严重的健康威胁及经济负担。因此，需要有效的干预措施来促进康复并助力重返工作岗位。
本研究旨在探讨引导式意象与音乐疗法（GIM），一种包含放松、聆听音乐和意象引导的心理治疗干预方法，对与工作相关压力的生物心理社会指标的影响。
20名丹麦病假员工被随机分为音乐治疗组和等待名单对照组。数据收集于2008年至2010年期间在一家职业健康病房进行。探究了唾液皮质醇、睾酮和褪黑素的变化，并收集了关于心理压力症状（感知压力、情绪困扰、睡眠质量、身体不适症状、工作准备度、幸福感、焦虑、抑郁、即时压力）的自我报告数据。在整个研究过程中，收集了参与者的病假情况和重返工作岗位的数据。
与等待名单对照组相比，九周后GIM在幸福感、情绪困扰和身体不适方面产生了显著的有益效果，且效应量较大；在皮质醇浓度方面也有显著效果，效应量为中等。对病假开始时的早期干预和晚期干预进行比较，结果显示早期干预组的重返工作岗位速度更快，在感知压力、幸福感、情绪困扰、抑郁、焦虑和身体不适症状方面有显著改善。在整个样本中，83%的参与者在九周随访时已重返工作岗位。
结果表明，GIM是一种治疗与工作相关慢性压力的有前景的疗法，建议进一步开展研究。
