Cardiovascular Diseases Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Italy.
ASL BRINDISI, Cardiology Equipe, District of Brindisi, Via Francia 47, 72100 Brindisi, Italy.
Curr Drug Targets. 2018;19(6):581-584. doi: 10.2174/1389450116666151001113932.
Apixaban is a new oral anticoagulant (NOACs: Novel Oral Anticoagulant), like dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and edoxaban. All of them are prescribed to patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism, to replace warfarin, because of the lower probability of bleeding, however they can cause bleeding by themselves. Bleeding is an adverse event in patients taking anticoagulants. It is associated with a significant increase of morbidity and risk of death. However, these drugs should be used only for the time when anticoagulation is strictly required, especially when used for preventing deep vein thrombosis. Prolonged use increases the risk of bleeding. In the ARISTOTLE Trial Apixaban, compared with warfarin, was associated with a lower rate of intracranial hemorrhages and less adverse consequences following extracranial hemorrhage. Many physicians still have limited experience with new oral anticoagulants and about bleeding risk managment. We reviewed the available literature on extracranial and intracranial bleeding concerning apixaban.
阿哌沙班是一种新型口服抗凝剂（NOACs：新型口服抗凝剂），与达比加群、利伐沙班和依度沙班类似。所有这些药物都被开给患有非瓣膜性心房颤动或静脉血栓栓塞的患者，以替代华法林，因为它们出血的可能性较低，但它们本身也可能导致出血。出血是服用抗凝剂的患者的一种不良事件。它与发病率和死亡风险的显著增加有关。然而，这些药物只能在严格需要抗凝的情况下使用，特别是在用于预防深静脉血栓形成时。长期使用会增加出血的风险。在 ARISTOTLE 试验中，与华法林相比，阿哌沙班与颅内出血发生率较低和颅内出血后不良后果较少相关。许多医生对新型口服抗凝剂和出血风险管理的经验仍然有限。我们回顾了关于阿哌沙班的颅外和颅内出血的现有文献。
