Westlund Schreiner Melinda, Klimes-Dougan Bonnie, Begnel Erin D, Cullen Kathryn R
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, N218 Elliott Hall, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, F268 West Building, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55454, United States.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015 Oct;57:381-91. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.09.011. Epub 2015 Sep 28.
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) commonly starts in adolescence and is associated with an array of negative outcomes. Neurobiological research investigating NSSI is in its early stages and most studies have examined this behavior within the context of specific diagnoses. However, the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative encourages researchers to examine brain-behavior relationships across diagnoses. This review on the neurobiology associated with NSSI is organized using the domains proposed by RDoC: Negative Valence, Positive Valence, Cognitive, Social Processes, and Arousal/Regulatory Systems. Evidence of neurobiological anomalies is found in each of these domains. We also propose future research directions, especially in regard to human development. Future NSSI studies should address this behavior independent of diagnosis, examine relevant constructs across multiple units of analysis, and assess how systems change across development and course of illness. These advances will be essential for guiding neurobiologically informed intervention and prevention strategies to target NSSI. In doing so, we may prevent the associated negative outcomes across the lifespan.
非自杀性自伤行为（NSSI）通常始于青春期，并与一系列负面后果相关。研究NSSI的神经生物学研究尚处于早期阶段，大多数研究都是在特定诊断的背景下考察这种行为。然而，研究领域标准（RDoC）倡议鼓励研究人员跨诊断考察脑与行为的关系。本综述关于与NSSI相关的神经生物学是按照RDoC提出的领域进行组织的：负性效价、正性效价、认知、社会过程以及觉醒/调节系统。在这些领域中的每一个都发现了神经生物学异常的证据。我们还提出了未来的研究方向，特别是关于人类发展方面。未来的NSSI研究应该独立于诊断来研究这种行为，跨多个分析单元考察相关结构，并评估系统在发育和病程中是如何变化的。这些进展对于指导以神经生物学为依据的干预和预防策略来针对NSSI至关重要。这样做，我们或许可以预防一生中与之相关的负面后果。
