Lystad R P, Graham P L, Poulos R G
Department of Chiropractic, Faculty of Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Biol Sport. 2015 Sep;32(3):213-8. doi: 10.5604/20831862.1150303. Epub 2015 Apr 24.
The objectives of this study were to estimate the incidence and describe the pattern and severity of training injuries in taekwondo, and to compare pattern and severity of training injuries with competition injuries. One hundred and fifty-two active Australian amateur taekwondo athletes, aged 12 years or over, completed an online survey comprising questions on training exposure and injury history over the preceding 12 months. The main outcome measures were: overall injury incidence rate per athlete-year; training injury incidence rate per athlete-year, per 1000 athlete-training-sessions, and per 1000 athlete-hours of training; injury severity; and injury proportions by anatomical region and by type of injury. Injury incidence rates were calculated with 95% confidence intervals using standard methods, while injury proportions were compared using Fisher's exact test. The vast majority (81.5%) of taekwondo injuries in an average athlete-year occurred during training. The training injury incidence rate was estimated to be 1.6 (95% CI: 1.4, 1.9) per athlete-year, 11.8 (95% CI: 10.4, 13.4) per 1000 athlete-training-sessions, and 7.0 (95% CI: 6.1, 7.9) per 1000 athlete-hours of training. Among athletes with five or fewer injuries, the severity and injury pattern of training injuries were, by and large, the same as for competition injuries. Approximately sixty percent (60.3%) of training injuries required treatment by a health professional. Considering the burden of training injuries exceeds that of competition injuries, taekwondo governing bodies and stakeholders are encouraged to devote more efforts towards the identification of risk factors for, and prevention of, training injuries in the sport of taekwondo.
本研究的目的是估计跆拳道训练损伤的发生率，描述其模式和严重程度，并将训练损伤的模式和严重程度与比赛损伤进行比较。152名年龄在12岁及以上的活跃澳大利亚业余跆拳道运动员完成了一项在线调查，该调查包含有关前12个月训练暴露和损伤史的问题。主要结局指标为：每位运动员每年的总体损伤发生率；每位运动员每年、每1000次运动员训练课和每1000小时运动员训练的训练损伤发生率；损伤严重程度；以及按解剖区域和损伤类型划分的损伤比例。使用标准方法计算损伤发生率及其95%置信区间，同时使用Fisher精确检验比较损伤比例。在平均每位运动员每年的跆拳道损伤中，绝大多数（81.5%）发生在训练期间。训练损伤发生率估计为每位运动员每年1.6（95%置信区间：1.4，1.9），每1000次运动员训练课11.8（95%置信区间：10.4，13.4），每1000小时运动员训练7.0（95%置信区间：6.1，7.9）。在受伤次数为五次或更少的运动员中，训练损伤的严重程度和损伤模式总体上与比赛损伤相同。约60.3%的训练损伤需要卫生专业人员进行治疗。考虑到训练损伤的负担超过比赛损伤，鼓励跆拳道管理机构和利益相关者更加努力地识别跆拳道运动中训练损伤的风险因素并加以预防。
