Shi Ning, Chen Shi-You
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
J Cell Physiol. 2016 Apr;231(4):777-87. doi: 10.1002/jcp.25208. Epub 2015 Oct 8.
Smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation is an important process during vascular development. The highly differentiated mature SMCs play critical roles in maintaining structural and functional integrity of blood vessels. However, SMCs are not terminally differentiated, and their phenotype can be modulated between contractile and proliferative states in response to various environmental conditions. Alterations in SMC phenotype contribute to a number of major cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension and restenosis following angioplasty, etc. The goal of this review is to provide a brief overview of the recent advancements in our understanding of SMC differentiation and the development of in vitro SMC differentiation models, with a particular emphasis on examination of molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of SMC differentiation and phenotypic modulation. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 777-787, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
平滑肌细胞（SMC）分化是血管发育过程中的一个重要过程。高度分化的成熟SMC在维持血管的结构和功能完整性方面发挥着关键作用。然而，SMC并非终末分化，其表型可根据各种环境条件在收缩状态和增殖状态之间进行调节。SMC表型的改变会导致多种主要心血管疾病，如动脉粥样硬化、高血压和血管成形术后再狭窄等。本综述的目的是简要概述我们对SMC分化的最新认识以及体外SMC分化模型的发展，特别强调对参与SMC分化和表型调节的分子机制的研究。《细胞生理学杂志》231: 777 - 787, 2016。© 2015威利期刊公司。
