Coups Elliot J, Manne Sharon L, Stapleton Jerod L, Tatum Kristina L, Goydos James S
aRutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey bDepartment of Medicine cDepartment of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick dDepartment of Health Education and Behavioral Science, Rutgers School of Public Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.
Melanoma Res. 2016 Feb;26(1):71-6. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000204.
Many melanoma patients do not regularly perform thorough skin self-examinations. We examined the extent to which melanoma patients conduct thorough skin self-examination, how they perform skin self-examination, and their related knowledge and self-efficacy. A sample of 176 individuals (61.5% response rate) diagnosed with primary pathologic stage 0-III cutaneous malignant melanoma at a single cancer center completed a written or telephone survey regarding their skin self-examination behaviors and associated factors. Almost all participants (98.9%) reported their race as white. Almost three-quarters (71.6%) of participants reported doing an examination in the past 2 months. However, only 14.2% had examined all areas of the body in the past 2 months. Few participants reported always using a full-length mirror (13.4%), hand-held mirror (11.3%), or having someone help (9.2%) when doing an examination. Having a higher level of education, greater knowledge of the ABCDE rule for detecting potential melanoma, higher skin self-examination self-efficacy, being shown how to do skin self-examination, and being shown what a suspicious mole would look like were all significantly associated with conducting more thorough skin self-examination. Most melanoma patients do not engage in regular, thorough skin self-examination, and when they do examine their skin they typically do not sufficiently utilize tools and techniques to facilitate a thorough examination and tracking of potentially suspicious moles. Efforts to promote skin self-examination among melanoma patients should focus on increasing knowledge and self-efficacy and providing education about the why, when, and how of conducting self-examination and mole tracking.
许多黑色素瘤患者没有定期进行全面的皮肤自我检查。我们研究了黑色素瘤患者进行全面皮肤自我检查的程度、他们进行皮肤自我检查的方式以及他们的相关知识和自我效能感。在一个癌症中心，对176名被诊断为原发性病理分期0-III期皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的个体（应答率为61.5%）进行了抽样，他们完成了一项关于皮肤自我检查行为及相关因素的书面或电话调查。几乎所有参与者（98.9%）报告自己为白人。近四分之三（71.6%）的参与者报告在过去2个月内进行过检查。然而，在过去2个月中，只有14.2%的人检查了身体的所有部位。很少有参与者报告在检查时总是使用全身镜（13.4%）、手持镜（11.3%）或有人帮忙（9.2%）。受教育程度较高、对检测潜在黑色素瘤的ABCDE规则了解更多、皮肤自我检查自我效能感较高、有人示范如何进行皮肤自我检查以及有人展示可疑痣的样子，这些都与进行更全面的皮肤自我检查显著相关。大多数黑色素瘤患者没有进行定期、全面的皮肤自我检查，而且当他们检查皮肤时，通常没有充分利用工具和技术来促进对潜在可疑痣的全面检查和跟踪。在黑色素瘤患者中促进皮肤自我检查的努力应集中在增加知识和自我效能感，并提供关于进行自我检查和痣跟踪的原因、时间和方法的教育。
