Shangguan Yuxian, Wei Yuan, Wang Linquan, Hou Hong
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Dayangfang, Beijing, 100012, China.
College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2016 Apr;70(3):439-51. doi: 10.1007/s00244-015-0232-x. Epub 2015 Oct 1.
The degree of contamination of soil and the potential ecological risks associated with five different coal-burning industries were assessed in Shanxi Province, China. Results showed that the trace element concentrations in soil close to the coal industries were higher than those in the background soils, and the enrichment factors were >1. The potential ecological risk indexes ranged from 99 to 328 for the five coal-related industries. Results also illustrated that the trace elements were transported through the atmosphere. Concentrations of B, Hg, Mo, Pb, Se, Cr, Cu, Ni, V, Zn, and Mn were high in the area around the steel plant. Principal component analysis and redundancy analysis indicated that the sources of Se, Mo, Hg, Cd, As, Cr, B, Ni, and Cu were mainly anthropogenic, whereas Pb, V, Cu, Zn, and Mn were from natural sources. The soil Hg and Se contents were simulated by an artificial neural network model, which showed that Hg and Se in soils were from atmospheric deposits and their spatial distributions were related to the dominant wind direction. The potential ecological risk from Hg was much higher (one order of magnitude) than that from the other trace elements, which highlights the fact that it deserves urgent attention. Control of emissions from the burning of coal and other raw materials (such as iron and phosphate ores) should also be prioritized.
对中国山西省五个不同燃煤行业相关的土壤污染程度及潜在生态风险进行了评估。结果表明，靠近煤炭行业的土壤中微量元素浓度高于背景土壤，富集因子大于1。五个与煤炭相关行业的潜在生态风险指数范围为99至328。结果还表明，微量元素通过大气传输。钢铁厂周边地区硼、汞、钼、铅、硒、铬、铜、镍、钒、锌和锰的浓度较高。主成分分析和冗余分析表明，硒、钼、汞、镉、砷、铬、硼、镍和铜的来源主要是人为的，而铅、钒、铜、锌和锰来自自然源。通过人工神经网络模型对土壤汞和硒含量进行了模拟，结果表明土壤中的汞和硒来自大气沉降，其空间分布与主导风向有关。汞的潜在生态风险比其他微量元素高得多（一个数量级），这突出表明汞值得紧急关注。还应优先控制煤炭及其他原材料（如铁矿石和磷矿石）燃烧产生的排放。
