Teshale Eyasu H, Kamili Saleem, Drobeniuc Jan, Denniston Maxine, Bakamutamaho Barnabas, Downing Robert
Division of Viral Hepatitis, CDC, Atlanta, United States.
Division of Viral Hepatitis, CDC, Atlanta, United States.
Vaccine. 2015 Nov 17;33(46):6161-3. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.058. Epub 2015 Oct 1.
Chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHBI) is effectively prevented by vaccination starting at birth. Beginning in 2002 Uganda adopted a policy of providing the pentavalent hepatitis B vaccine starting at 6 weeks of age. However, there is concern that this delay may leave the infant vulnerable to infection during the first 6 weeks of life. We assessed whether vaccination at 6 weeks was an effective strategy by HBV serologic study. Of 656 persons tested for HBV, 9.4% were chronically infected; among children aged 5-9 years the prevalence was 7.6%. Of all tested, 73 were born (i.e., aged ≤ 4 years) after the introduction of the pentavalent vaccine; none were infected with HBV (p = 0.003). In this study, vaccination with the pentavalent vaccine at 6 weeks did not result in CHBI, but rather provides an opportunity to prevent mother-to-infant transmission of HBV infection where there is no access to birth-dose vaccine.
自出生起接种疫苗可有效预防慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染（CHBI）。自2002年起，乌干达采取了一项政策，即从6周龄开始提供五价乙肝疫苗。然而，人们担心这种延迟可能会使婴儿在出生后的前6周内易受感染。我们通过乙肝病毒血清学研究评估了6周龄时接种疫苗是否是一种有效的策略。在656名接受乙肝病毒检测的人中，9.4%为慢性感染；在5至9岁的儿童中，患病率为7.6%。在所有接受检测的人中，73人是在五价疫苗引入后出生的（即年龄≤4岁）；没有人感染乙肝病毒（p = 0.003）。在本研究中，6周龄时接种五价疫苗并未导致慢性乙肝病毒感染，而是为在无法获得出生剂量疫苗的情况下预防乙肝病毒母婴传播提供了机会。
