Simon Anaele, Bindschedler Saskia, Job Daniel, Wick Lukas Y, Filippidou Sevasti, Kooli Wafa M, Verrecchia Eric P, Junier Pilar
Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2015 Nov;91(11). doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiv116. Epub 2015 Oct 1.
Fungi and bacteria form various associations that are central to numerous environmental processes. In the so-called fungal highway, bacteria disperse along fungal mycelium. We developed a novel tool for the in situ isolation of bacteria moving along fungal hyphae as well as for the recovery of fungi potentially involved in dispersal, both of which are attracted towards a target culture medium. We present the validation and the results of the first in situ test. Couples of fungi and bacteria were isolated from soil. Amongst the enriched organisms, we identified several species of fast-growing fungi (Fusarium sp. and Chaetomium sp.), as well as various potentially associated bacterial groups, including Variovorax soli, Olivibacter soli, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and several species of the genera Stenotrophomonas, Achromobacter and Ochrobactrum. Migration of bacteria along fungal hyphae across a discontinuous medium was confirmed in most of the cases. Although the majority of the bacteria for which migration was confirmed were also positive for flagellar motility, not all motile bacteria dispersed using their potential fungal partner. In addition, the importance of hydrophobicity of the fungal mycelial surface was confirmed. Future applications of the columns include targeting different types of microorganisms and their interactions, either by enrichment or by state of the art molecular biological methods.
真菌和细菌形成了各种关联，这些关联对于众多环境过程至关重要。在所谓的真菌通道中，细菌沿着真菌菌丝体扩散。我们开发了一种新型工具，用于原位分离沿着真菌菌丝移动的细菌以及回收可能参与扩散的真菌，这两者都会被吸引到目标培养基中。我们展示了首次原位测试的验证过程和结果。从土壤中分离出了成对的真菌和细菌。在富集的生物中，我们鉴定出了几种快速生长的真菌（镰刀菌属和毛壳菌属），以及各种潜在相关的细菌类群，包括土壤食酸菌、土壤橄榄杆菌、醋酸钙不动杆菌，以及嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌属、无色杆菌属和苍白杆菌属的几个物种。在大多数情况下，证实了细菌沿着真菌菌丝在不连续介质中迁移。尽管大多数被证实迁移的细菌鞭毛运动也呈阳性，但并非所有运动细菌都利用其潜在的真菌伙伴进行扩散。此外，证实了真菌菌丝体表面疏水性的重要性。该柱的未来应用包括通过富集或先进的分子生物学方法靶向不同类型的微生物及其相互作用。
