The Wellcome Trust Critical Care Laboratory for Large Animals, Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
The Wellcome Trust Critical Care Laboratory for Large Animals, Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK Clinical Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Sciences, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
Br J Anaesth. 2016 Jan;116(1):37-45. doi: 10.1093/bja/aev301. Epub 2015 Oct 3.
Failure to provide effective analgesia to animals in noxious studies contravenes the obligation to refine animal experimentation and, by increasing 'noise' in physiological data sets, may decrease the scientific validity of results. Pig models of surgical conditions are becoming increasingly important and used for translational work. This review aimed to determine the extent to which the recent biomedical literature describes pain assessment and alleviation in pigs recovering from experimental surgery. Three databases (Medline, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar) were searched to find relevant studies published from January 2012 to March 2014. Information on pain assessment and peri- and postoperative analgesia was extracted. The review identified 233 papers meeting selection criteria. Most articles (193/233, 83%) described use of drugs with analgesic properties, but only 87/233 (37%) described postoperative analgesia. No article provided justification for the analgesic chosen, despite the lack of guidelines for analgesia in porcine surgical models and the lack of formal studies on this subject. Postoperative pain assessment was reported in only 23/233 (10%) articles. It was found that the reporting of postoperative pain management in the studies was remarkably low, reflecting either under-reporting or under-use. Analgesic description, when given, was frequently too limited to enable reproducibility. Development of a pain-scoring system in pigs, together with the mandatory description of pain management in submitted articles, would contribute to improved laboratory pig welfare.
未能为有害研究中的动物提供有效镇痛违反了动物实验精细化的义务，而且由于增加了生理数据集的“噪音”，可能会降低结果的科学有效性。用于转化研究的手术条件下的猪模型正变得越来越重要。本综述旨在确定最近的生物医学文献在多大程度上描述了从实验性手术中恢复的猪的疼痛评估和缓解。从 2012 年 1 月至 2014 年 3 月，通过三个数据库（Medline、Web of Knowledge 和 Google Scholar）搜索了相关研究。提取了有关疼痛评估和围手术期镇痛的信息。综述共确定了 233 篇符合选择标准的论文。大多数文章（193/233，83%）描述了使用具有镇痛特性的药物，但只有 87/233（37%）描述了术后镇痛。尽管缺乏猪手术模型的镇痛指南，也缺乏关于该主题的正式研究，但没有一篇文章为所选的镇痛药提供依据。只有 23/233（10%）的文章报道了术后疼痛评估。研究中术后疼痛管理的报告率非常低，这反映了报告不足或使用不足。如果给予镇痛描述，通常也过于有限，无法进行重现。在猪中开发疼痛评分系统，并在提交的文章中强制描述疼痛管理，将有助于提高实验猪的福利。
