Courtney Kelly E, Schacht Joseph P, Hutchison Kent, Roche Daniel J O, Ray Lara A
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Addict Biol. 2016 Jan;21(1):3-22. doi: 10.1111/adb.12314. Epub 2015 Oct 4.
Given the strong evidence for neurological alterations at the basis of drug dependence, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) represents an important tool in the clinical neuroscience of addiction. fMRI cue-reactivity paradigms represent an ideal platform to probe the involvement of neurobiological pathways subserving the reward/motivation system in addiction and potentially offer a translational mechanism by which interventions and behavioral predictions can be tested. Thus, this review summarizes the research that has applied fMRI cue-reactivity paradigms to the study of adult substance use disorder treatment responses. Studies utilizing fMRI cue-reactivity paradigms for the prediction of relapse and as a means to investigate psychosocial and pharmacological treatment effects on cue-elicited brain activation are presented within four primary categories of substances: alcohol, nicotine, cocaine and opioids. Lastly, suggestions for how to leverage fMRI technology to advance addiction science and treatment development are provided.
鉴于药物依赖存在神经学改变的有力证据，功能磁共振成像（fMRI）是成瘾临床神经科学中的一项重要工具。fMRI线索反应范式是一个理想平台，可用于探究在成瘾过程中支持奖赏/动机系统的神经生物学通路的参与情况，并有可能提供一种转化机制，通过该机制可以测试干预措施和行为预测。因此，本综述总结了将fMRI线索反应范式应用于成人物质使用障碍治疗反应研究的相关研究。利用fMRI线索反应范式预测复发以及作为研究心理社会和药物治疗对线索诱发脑激活影响的手段的研究，按照四类主要物质进行介绍：酒精、尼古丁、可卡因和阿片类药物。最后，本文提供了关于如何利用fMRI技术推动成瘾科学和治疗发展的建议。
