Schraufstatter Ingrid U, Khaldoyanidi Sophia K, DiScipio Richard G
Ingrid U Schraufstatter, Sophia K Khaldoyanidi, Richard G DiScipio, Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, San Diego, CA 92121, United States.
World J Stem Cells. 2015 Sep 26;7(8):1090-108. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i8.1090.
The complement pathway is best known for its role in immune surveillance and inflammation. However, its ability of opsonizing and removing not only pathogens, but also necrotic and apoptotic cells, is a phylogenetically ancient means of initiating tissue repair. The means and mechanisms of complement-mediated tissue repair are discussed in this review. There is increasing evidence that complement activation contributes to tissue repair at several levels. These range from the chemo-attraction of stem and progenitor cells to areas of complement activation, to increased survival of various cell types in the presence of split products of complement, and to the production of trophic factors by cells activated by the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a. This repair aspect of complement biology has not found sufficient appreciation until recently. The following will examine this aspect of complement biology with an emphasis on the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a.
补体系统最为人所知的是其在免疫监视和炎症中的作用。然而，它不仅能够调理和清除病原体，还能清除坏死和凋亡细胞，这是一种在系统发育上古老的启动组织修复的方式。本综述讨论了补体介导的组织修复的方式和机制。越来越多的证据表明，补体激活在多个层面上促进组织修复。这些层面包括将干细胞和祖细胞化学吸引至补体激活区域、在补体裂解产物存在的情况下提高各种细胞类型的存活率，以及由过敏毒素C3a和C5a激活的细胞产生营养因子。直到最近，补体生物学的这一修复方面才得到充分重视。以下将着重探讨过敏毒素C3a和C5a，审视补体生物学的这一方面。
