Xie Yu, Jin Yongai
University of Michigan and Peking University.
Renmin University of China.
Chin Sociol Rev. 2015;47(3):203-229. doi: 10.1080/21620555.2015.1032158.
With new nationwide longitudinal survey data now available from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), we study the level, distribution, and composition of household wealth in contemporary China. We find that the wealth Gini coefficient of China was 0.73 in 2012. The richest 1 percent owned more than one-third of the total national household wealth, while the poorest 25 percent owned less than 2 percent. Housing assets, which accounted for over 70 percent, were the largest component of household wealth. Finally, the urban-rural divide and regional disparities played important roles in household wealth distribution, and institutional factors significantly affected household wealth holdings, wealth growth rate, and wealth mobility.
利用中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）最新提供的全国性纵向调查数据，我们研究了当代中国家庭财富的水平、分布和构成。我们发现，2012年中国的财富基尼系数为0.73。最富有的1%人群拥有超过全国家庭财富总量的三分之一，而最贫困的25%人群拥有的财富不到2%。占比超过70%的住房资产是家庭财富的最大组成部分。最后，城乡差距和地区差异在家庭财富分配中发挥了重要作用，制度因素对家庭财富持有、财富增长率和财富流动性产生了显著影响。
