Rubio-Marcos Fernando, López-Juárez Rigoberto, Rojas-Hernandez Rocio E, del Campo Adolfo, Razo-Pérez Neftalí, Fernandez Jose F
Electroceramic Department, Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, CSIC , Kelsen 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2015 Oct 21;7(41):23080-8. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b06747. Epub 2015 Oct 12.
Until now, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) based ceramics are the most widely used in piezoelectric devices. However, the use of lead is being avoided due to its toxicity and environmental risks. Indeed, the attention in piezoelectric devices has been moved to lead-free ceramics, especially on (K,Na)NbO3-based materials, due to growing environmental concerns. Here we report a systematic evaluation of the effects of the compositional modifications induced by replacement of the B-sites with Sb(5+) ions in 0.96[(K0.48Na0.52)0.95Li0.05Nb1-xSbxO3]-0.04[BaZrO3] lead-free piezoceramics. We show that this compositional design is the driving force for the development of the high piezoelectric properties. So, we find that this phenomenon can be explained by the stabilization of a Rhombohedral-Tetragonal (R-T) phase boundary close to room temperature, that facilities the polarization process of the system and exhibits a significantly high piezoelectric response with a d33 value as high as ∼400 pC/N, which is comparable to part soft PZTs. As a result, we believe that the general strategy and design principles described in this study open the possibility of obtaining (K,Na)NbO3-based lead-free ceramics with enhanced properties, expanding their application range.
到目前为止，锆钛酸铅（PZT）基陶瓷是压电器件中使用最广泛的。然而，由于铅的毒性和环境风险，其使用正在被避免。实际上，由于对环境的关注日益增加，压电器件领域的注意力已转向无铅陶瓷，特别是基于（K，Na）NbO₃的材料。在此，我们报告了对0.96[(K₀.₄₈Na₀.₅₂)₀.₉₅Li₀.₀₅Nb₁₋ₓSbₓO₃]-0.04[BaZrO₃]无铅压电陶瓷中用Sb(5+)离子取代B位所引起的成分改性效果的系统评估。我们表明这种成分设计是高压电性能发展的驱动力。因此，我们发现这种现象可以通过在接近室温时稳定菱方-四方（R-T）相界来解释，这有利于系统的极化过程，并表现出高达约400 pC/N的显著高压电响应，这与部分软PZT相当。结果，我们相信本研究中描述的通用策略和设计原则为获得具有增强性能的基于（K，Na）NbO₃的无铅陶瓷、扩大其应用范围开辟了可能性。
