Fishleder Sarah, Schonfeld Lawrence, Corvin Jaime, Tyler Susan, VandeWeerd Carla
Department of Epidemiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
Department of Mental Health Law and Policy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2016 May;31(5):536-43. doi: 10.1002/gps.4359. Epub 2015 Oct 5.
Research indicates increasing trends among older adults toward heavy and abusive drinking, often associated with depressive symptoms. Possible exceptions are residents of planned retirement communities, whose drinking may be associated with social activities. To better understand these relationships, this study examined the relationship of depressive symptoms and drinking in a large retirement community.
The Villages, a retirement community in central Florida with a focus on healthy, active living, has almost 90,000 residents. In 2012, a population-based needs assessment was conducted in partnership with University of South Florida Health. In the present study, 11,102 surveys were completed and returned. A structural equation model was utilized to analyze the relationship between depressive symptoms and alcohol use as measured by the three-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C).
Hazardous drinking was reported in 15.4% of respondents, somewhat higher than the general population of older adults (around 10%). Variables of depressive symptoms, physical activity, total health problems, and poor general health loaded significantly into the factor of depression indicators, which was shown to have a significant, negative correlation with risk of hazardous drinking (λ = 0.16, p < 0.000, R(2) = 0.02).
Results suggest at-risk drinking among respondents was not associated with depression, in contrast to studies of older adults living alone where alcohol abuse was often associated with depression. Implications for successful aging are discussed.
研究表明，老年人中重度饮酒和酗酒的趋势在增加，且往往与抑郁症状相关。计划退休社区的居民可能是个例外，他们的饮酒可能与社交活动有关。为了更好地理解这些关系，本研究调查了一个大型退休社区中抑郁症状与饮酒之间的关系。
位于佛罗里达州中部的退休社区“乡村”以健康、积极的生活方式为重点，有近9万居民。2012年，与南佛罗里达大学健康学院合作进行了一项基于人群的需求评估。在本研究中，共完成并回收了11102份调查问卷。采用结构方程模型分析抑郁症状与酒精使用之间的关系，酒精使用通过三项酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT-C）进行测量。
15.4%的受访者报告有危险饮酒行为，略高于老年人群体（约10%）。抑郁症状、身体活动、总体健康问题和总体健康状况不佳等变量显著纳入抑郁指标因素，该因素与危险饮酒风险呈显著负相关（λ = 0.16，p < 0.000，R(2) = 0.02）。
结果表明，与独居老年人的研究不同，本研究中受访者的危险饮酒与抑郁无关，独居老年人的酒精滥用往往与抑郁有关。本文还讨论了对成功老龄化的启示。
