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马拉维疟疾传播的局部差异对磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶耐药单倍型流行率及选择性清除特征的影响。

The effect of local variation in malaria transmission on the prevalence of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistant haplotypes and selective sweep characteristics in Malawi.

作者信息

Artimovich Elena, Kapito-Tembo Atupele, Pensulo Paul, Nyirenda Osward, Brown Sarah, Joshi Sudhaunshu, Taylor Terrie E, Mathanga Don, Escalante Ananias A, Laufer Miriam K, Takala-Harrison Shannon

机构信息

Howard Hughes Medical Institute/Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, HSF1-480, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.

Malaria Alert Center, Blantyre, Malawi.

出版信息

Malar J. 2015 Oct 5;14:387. doi: 10.1186/s12936-015-0860-7.

DOI:10.1186/s12936-015-0860-7
PMID:26437774
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4595317/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Persistence of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) resistance has been described in an urban setting in Malawi where malaria transmission is relatively low. Higher malaria transmission is associated with greater genetic diversity and more frequent genetic recombination, which could lead to a more rapid re-emergence of SP-sensitive parasites, as well as more rapid degradation of selective sweeps. In this study, the impact of local variation in malaria transmission on the prevalence of SP-resistant haplotypes and selective sweep characteristics was investigated at an urban site with low parasite prevalence and two rural sites with moderate and high parasite prevalence.

METHODS

Samples from three sites with different parasite prevalence were genotyped for resistance markers within pfdhfr-ts and pfdhps and at microsatellites flanking these genes. Expected heterozygosity (He) was estimated to evaluate genetic diversity.

RESULTS

No difference in the prevalence of highly resistant DHFR 51I/59R/108N and DHPS 437G/540E was found between sites. Small differences in He flanking pfdhfr-ts and pfdhps were seen between rural-moderate and the other sites, as well as some shared haplotypes between the rural-high and urban-low sites.

CONCLUSIONS

The results do not show an effect of local variation in malaria transmission, as inferred from parasite prevalence, on SP-resistant haplotype prevalence.

摘要

背景

在马拉维一个疟疾传播相对较低的城市地区，已发现磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶（SP）耐药性持续存在。较高的疟疾传播与更大的遗传多样性和更频繁的基因重组相关，这可能导致SP敏感寄生虫更快重新出现，以及选择性清除更快退化。在本研究中，在一个寄生虫流行率低的城市地点和两个寄生虫流行率中等和高的农村地点，调查了疟疾传播的局部差异对SP耐药单倍型流行率和选择性清除特征的影响。

方法

对来自三个寄生虫流行率不同地点的样本进行基因分型，检测pfdhfr-ts和pfdhps内的耐药标记以及这些基因侧翼的微卫星。估计预期杂合度（He）以评估遗传多样性。

结果

各地点之间高度耐药的DHFR 51I/59R/108N和DHPS 437G/540E的流行率没有差异。农村中等流行率地点与其他地点之间，pfdhfr-ts和pfdhps侧翼的He存在小差异，农村高流行率地点和城市低流行率地点之间也存在一些共享单倍型。

结论

从寄生虫流行率推断，结果未显示疟疾传播的局部差异对SP耐药单倍型流行率有影响。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f87/4595317/9106e3f8774a/12936_2015_860_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f87/4595317/e10ed1be6fdd/12936_2015_860_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f87/4595317/2b7e43ac939a/12936_2015_860_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f87/4595317/9106e3f8774a/12936_2015_860_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f87/4595317/e10ed1be6fdd/12936_2015_860_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f87/4595317/2b7e43ac939a/12936_2015_860_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3f87/4595317/9106e3f8774a/12936_2015_860_Fig3_HTML.jpg

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