Institute for the Marine Coastal Environment (IAMC)-CNR, Talassografico "A. Cerruti", via Roma 3, 74121, Taranto, Italy.
Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia of Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Sezione Oceanografia, Via A. Piccard 54, 34151, Trieste, Italy.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Jul;23(13):12777-90. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-5472-9. Epub 2015 Oct 6.
The effects of sediment resuspension on the fate of metals and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were studied by using a short-term small reactor. Sediments and water were collected nearby the most contaminated site of the Mar Piccolo of Taranto. Contaminant partitioning was calculated between the solid and water phases and, in the latter, between the dissolved and particulate phases and related to physical-chemical variables. Before and after resuspension, metal concentrations in sediments did not vary remarkably. Except for Cd, all the analyzed metals exceeded by many folds both threshold effect level (TEL) and probable effect level (PEL) SQGs. Igeo index values for Hg designated the sediment quality as extremely polluted for Pb, Cu and moderately polluted for Zn. In the dissolved phase, Mn increased of about 70 times, Fe of about 7 times and Hg and Zn of 4 and 3 times, respectively. PCBs in sediments before and after resuspension did not vary for more than 15 %. PCB concentrations exceeded for more than ten times PEL values. After resuspension, PCBs increased from 0.82 to 4.82 ng L(-1) in the dissolved phase and from 0.22 to 202.21 ng L(-1) in the particulate one. The dissolved phase was initially enriched in light- to mid-weight compounds. After resuspension, the particulate phase was enriched in heavier congeners. In particular, hexachlorobiphenyl-153, 149 and 138 together with heptachlorobiphenyl-180 and 187 accounted for 57 % of total PCBs. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) that increased from 1.31 to 8.55 mg L(-1) likely influenced the fate of metals and PCBs in the dissolved and particulate phases. Despite that the residence time of the contaminated resuspended sediments in the water column is limited, they are still highly toxic for the pelagic trophic web.
采用短期小型反应器研究了底泥再悬浮对金属和多氯联苯（PCBs）归宿的影响。采集了塔兰托马尔皮科洛湾污染最严重地区附近的沉积物和水。计算了污染物在固-液相间和液相中溶解态与颗粒态间的分配，并将其与物理化学变量相关联。再悬浮前后，沉积物中金属浓度变化不大。除 Cd 外，所有分析金属均超出了阈值效应水平（TEL）和可能效应水平（PEL）的水质标准数倍。Hg 的 Igeo 指数值表明，Pb、Cu 和 Zn 的沉积物质量分别为严重污染、中度污染和中度污染。溶解相中 Mn 增加了约 70 倍，Fe 增加了约 7 倍，Hg 和 Zn 分别增加了 4 倍和 3 倍。再悬浮前后沉积物中的 PCBs 变化不超过 15%。PCBs 浓度超过 PEL 值的次数超过 10 次。再悬浮后，溶解相中 PCBs 从 0.82 增加到 4.82ng/L，颗粒相中 PCBs 从 0.22 增加到 202.21ng/L。溶解相最初富含低分子量至中分子量化合物。再悬浮后，颗粒相富含更重的同系物。特别是，六氯代二苯并对二恶英-153、149 和 138 以及七氯代二苯并对二恶英-180 和 187 共占总 PCBs 的 57%。溶解态有机碳（DOC）从 1.31 增加到 8.55mg/L，可能影响了金属和 PCBs 在溶解相和颗粒相中的归宿。尽管受污染的再悬浮沉积物在水柱中的停留时间有限，但它们对浮游营养网仍具有高度毒性。
