Rahman Muhammad Aziz, Edward Karen-Leigh, Montgomery Laura, McEvedy Samantha, Wilson Andrew, Worrall-Carter Linda
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia; St Vincent's Centre for Nursing Research (SVCNR), Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia; Cardiovascular Research Centre (CvRC), Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia;
Nursing Research Unit St Vincent's Private Hospital Melbourne, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia;
Nicotine Tob Res. 2016 Jun;18(6):1399-407. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntv222. Epub 2015 Oct 5.
Persistent smoking in patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD) has a significant effect on morbidity and mortality. Although there has been considerable debate around gender differences in smoking cessation, conclusive evidence on how gender impacts rates of smoking cessation and/or relapse following CHD diagnosis is lacking.
Our aim was to test the hypothesis that female smokers with CHD were more likely to persist in smoking or relapse post-diagnosis or hospitalization than male smokers. We searched PubMed and Web of Science databases for studies published in the last 10 years. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random effects model.
Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The aggregated sample size was 36 591, 20 617 (56%) were smokers of which 2564 (12%) were female. Meta-analyses of eight studies where smoking prevalence could be measured, showed that females were less likely to be smokers at baseline than males (OR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.13 to 0.70). Overall, one in two (47%) smokers persisted in smoking/relapsed following a diagnosis or hospitalization for CHD; but there was no gender difference in the rate of persistent smoking/relapse (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.95 to 1.21).
Female smokers with CHD were relatively uncommon in the included study populations. However, the rate of persistent smoking/relapse was high in both female and male smokers following a diagnosis or hospitalization for CHD. Therefore similar, sustained smoking cessation efforts are warranted for both genders.
There was no gender difference for persistent smoking/relapse following a diagnosis or hospitalization for CHD, but the rate was high in both female and male smokers. Therefore, similar, sustained smoking cessation efforts are warranted for both genders.
被诊断患有冠心病（CHD）的患者持续吸烟对发病率和死亡率有重大影响。尽管围绕戒烟中的性别差异存在大量争论，但缺乏关于性别如何影响冠心病诊断后戒烟率和/或复吸率的确凿证据。
我们的目的是检验以下假设：患有冠心病的女性吸烟者比男性吸烟者在诊断或住院后更有可能持续吸烟或复吸。我们在PubMed和Web of Science数据库中检索了过去10年发表的研究。使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。
16项研究符合纳入标准。汇总样本量为36591，其中20617（56%）为吸烟者，2564（12%）为女性吸烟者。对八项可测量吸烟率的研究进行的荟萃分析表明，女性在基线时吸烟的可能性低于男性（OR = 0.30，95% CI = 0.13至0.70）。总体而言，每两名吸烟者中就有一名（47%）在被诊断患有冠心病或住院后持续吸烟/复吸；但持续吸烟/复吸率没有性别差异（OR = 1.07，95% CI = 0.95至1.21）。
在所纳入的研究人群中，患有冠心病的女性吸烟者相对较少。然而，在被诊断患有冠心病或住院后，女性和男性吸烟者的持续吸烟/复吸率都很高。因此，两性都需要进行类似的、持续的戒烟努力。
在被诊断患有冠心病或住院后，持续吸烟/复吸没有性别差异，但女性和男性吸烟者的这一比率都很高。因此，两性都需要进行类似的、持续的戒烟努力。
