Szaflarski Magdalena, Cubbins Lisa A, Bauldry Shawn, Meganathan Karthikeyan, Klepinger Daniel H, Somoza Eugene
Department of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, HHB 460Q, 1720 2nd Ave S, Birmingham, AL, 35294-1152, USA.
Battelle Health and Analytics, Seattle, WA, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2016 Aug;18(4):749-763. doi: 10.1007/s10903-015-0293-y.
Immigrants often have lower rates of depression than US-natives, but longitudinal assessments across multiple racial-ethnic groups are limited. This study examined the rates of prevalent, acquired, and persisting major depression and dysthymia by nativity and racial-ethnic origin while considering levels of acculturation, stress, and social ties. Data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions were used to model prevalence and 3-year incidence/persistence of major depression and dysthymia (DSM-IV diagnoses) using logistic regression. Substantive factors were assessed using standardized measures. The rates of major depression were lower for most immigrants, but differences were noted by race-ethnicity and outcome. Furthermore, immigrants had higher prevalence but not incidence of dysthymia. The associations between substantive factors and outcomes were mixed. This study describes and begins to explain immigrant trajectories of major depression and dysthymia over a 3-year period. The continuing research challenges and future directions are discussed.
移民患抑郁症的比率通常低于美国本土居民，但针对多个种族群体的纵向评估较为有限。本研究通过出生地和种族来源，同时考虑文化适应程度、压力和社会关系，对常见、新发和持续存在的重度抑郁症和心境恶劣障碍的发病率进行了考察。利用全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查的数据，采用逻辑回归模型对重度抑郁症和心境恶劣障碍（DSM-IV诊断）的患病率以及3年发病率/持续率进行分析。使用标准化测量方法评估实质因素。大多数移民的重度抑郁症发病率较低，但按种族和结果存在差异。此外，移民的心境恶劣障碍患病率较高，但发病率并非如此。实质因素与结果之间的关联参差不齐。本研究描述并初步解释了3年内重度抑郁症和心境恶劣障碍的移民发病轨迹。还讨论了持续存在的研究挑战和未来方向。
